基隆地區生態旅遊解說人員訓練課程需求評估之初探

Abstract

本研究之目的，係以環境生態、生態旅遊、環境解說及環境教育等面向，探索地區發展生態旅遊過程中，解說人員訓練之核心課程與基本內涵概念。本研究選定基隆地區為範疇，研究對象包括基隆市休閒農場業者、基隆溪流生態保育協會成員及暖東苗圃志工。 本研究由文獻探討，並歸納分析生態旅遊中融入環境解說與環境教育觀點，藉以發展研究主題調查問卷。本研究調查問卷經由專家內容效度檢定修正後，另透過深度訪談法，除瞭解研究對象之相關幹部對研究主題之認知與需求外，並請提供調查問卷之修正建議，訪談結果並作為輔助後續問卷結果分析。本研究採用問卷調查法，以所發展的調查問卷，利用李克特式五點量表，量測研究對象對生態旅遊解說訓練課程需求程度，本研究問卷共發出45份，回收40份，有效問卷39份，有效回收率86.7％。 本研究結果歸納分析顯示，基隆地區生態旅遊解說人員訓練課程之需求優先考量，分別為（1）環境生態類課程：「基隆地區溪流生態」、「基隆地區地景生態」、「基隆地區森林生態」。（2）生態旅遊類課程：「自然資源管理」、「生態旅遊及規範」、「生態旅遊地經營管理」。（3）環境解說類課程：「實地解說訓練」、「解說人員培訓及管理規定」、「解說禮儀及技巧」、「解說人員角色及培訓」、「戶外安全及訓練」、「旅遊常見疾病及處理」。（4）環境教育類課程：「永續發展」。本研究並提出生態旅遊解說人員之訓練發展模式相關初步建議。This research was conducted to explore the process of developmental ecotourism around a certain region about the core courses of interpreter training and the basic concept from the aspects of environmental ecology, ecotourism, environmental interpretation, and environmental education. Keelung area was chosen as the foci on this study, and the subjects include the runners of Keelung City Leisure Farm, the members of the Keelung Society of Stream Protection, and the volunteers of Nuandong Nursery Garden. Beginning with the literature reviews of this research leads to induce and analyze the perspectives of the ecotourism integrated with environmental interpretation and environmental education, and then develops the research topic with questionnaires. After the questionnaires were revised through the contents validity test by experts, and utilized in-depth interviews to collect some kinds of concrete data. In addition to the realization of the related directors’ ideas cognition and requirement in this topic, then the researcher will get the related suggestions for the questionnaires. The outcome of interviews will be used to assist the analysis of the follow-up survey findings. It was undertaken structured questionnaires method and developed survey questions which adopted 5-points Likert scale to measure the subjects of the needs in ecotourism interpretation training. Totally, 40 questionnaires received in return after the distribution of the 45 sent, and 39 out of the returned samples were effective in use. The validity comes to be 86.7%. This finding indicated that the priority sequence of the needs of ecotourism interpretation training for the Keelung area. They are as follows: First, Environmental Ecology courses included mainly at the Keelung area on “Stream Ecology”, “Landscape Ecology”, and “Forest Ecology”. Second, Ecotourism courses included “Natural Resources Management”, “Ecotourism and its Stipulations”, and “Land Management on Ecotourism”. Third, Environmental Interpretation courses included “Field Trip Workshop”, “Management Training of tenets for Interpreters”, “Etiquette and skills”, “Role Model Training”, “Outdoor Safety Training”, and “Emergency and First Aid Assistance”. Fourth, Environmental Educational course included “Sustainable Development”. Finally, this research also brought up the mode of ecotourism interpretation development and the related recommendations.