游泳運動績優生就讀體育/非體育科系學校適應之個案研究

Abstract

本研究主要針對就讀體育/非體育科系之績優游泳運動員男、女各一名（共四名），經半結構式訪談得知其成長經歷及進入大學後之學校適應情形。研究發現：一、即便運動表現再優異也需提早為就業做準備，四位運動員在選擇就讀校系時，皆優先考慮將來就業能力，其次為個人興趣；二、專長訓練方面則因個人興趣與生涯規劃而選擇持續或退出運動競賽；三、學業適應部份，就讀體育系之游泳保送生在術科修習上出現適應不良，非體育科系之運動員皆出現學業適應不良情形，通常採自我努力或求助於同儕解決之；四、運動員人際交往受限於訓練、比賽與個人特質，導致與同儕間之人際關係不甚親密，加上游泳選手逐年流失，易使研究對象產生孤獨感；五、各運動項目間應能有相輔相成之功效，然而許多游泳運動員於培訓期間不被允許從事其它運動項目，以致游泳以外之運動表現低落；六、運動員的本質相當聰穎，若能加以琢磨，很多困難是可以靠努力來克服。This study was a case study of one male and one female elite swimmer who studied in physical and non-physical education department (total of four cases). Their background and adapting condition after entering university were identified through semi-structural interviews. The results were as follows: 1. The preparation for obtaining employments in advance was demanded no matter how good the sport performance is. Four athletes all put their prior considerations at the ability of employment rather than personal interests when selecting the department of study; 2. As for professional trainings, the participation of sports competition might be continued or withdrawn due to personal interests and career plan; 3. University entrance recommended student swimmers showed ill-adaptation on skill trainings while athletes in department of non-physical education were academically ill-adapted. The solutions were commonly self-endeavoring or asking for the assistance of peers; 4. The interpersonal relationships of athletes were limited by trainings, competitions, and personalities and result to the distance between peers. In addition, the number of swimmers have been decreasing through years which cause the sense of isolation of the research objects; 5. Each sport activity should have the efficacy of complement on each other however swimmers were not allowed to participate in other sport activities during the trainings therefore their sports performances other than swimming were poor; 6. Athletes were smart, and with deliberations, there were many difficulties could be conquered by striving;