永續發展教育遊戲開發設計與實踐

Abstract

在臺灣，環境教育已成為中小學課程活動不可分割的一部分，並延伸為永續發展教育中的一環。在推動環境教育的過程中，從環境保育、資源分類、回收等面向切入。因此永續發展在很多人心中存在一種錯誤理解，以為永續發展跟環境保育與資源回收劃上等號。本研究為設計一款旨在教育學習者認識聯合國永續發展目標為核心的桌上遊戲，強化臺灣全面推動永續發展教育的重要工具。本研究開發設計的 SDGs Board Game 是藉由永續發展議題及 17 項永續發展目標傳達一個重要概念：「激發自覺」乃至「改變認知」，幫助參與者能發覺問題，學會提問、探索議題的脈絡和重要成分。而遊戲中的互動與討論，促進參與者能說出自己的觀點，也能學習採納不同觀點的機會，並於遊戲過程擬定目標、確認目的及策劃行動。同時，承擔決策之後的風險與結果，提供修正與再次決策的機會練習。遊戲設計完成後進行遊戲機制與教學活動測試後，最終提出結論：一、永續發展桌上遊戲器材有助於教學的進行；二、製作 SDGs Board Game 輔助教教學教材，協助教師未來之應用；三、SDGs Board Game 傳遞每個人的行動與世界息息相關；四、SDGs Board Game 以學習者為中心。對教學者而言，具有教學啟發作用，也是一套可實踐運用在教學現場的教材。對學習者而言，從遊戲中體驗理解永續發展目標彼此連動息息相關，建構對永續發展議題的認識。本研究核心價值在凸顯參與者在遊戲過程中的互動情境下「自行發揮」的實踐、學習與反思，讓這套桌遊不僅是永續發展教育的教具，也可提供給企業、公部門、學校與民間單位使用。本研究設計的 SDGs Board Game 可豐富永續發展教育相關課程的教材庫，有助於推廣永續發展教育。其結果與建議，可供未來想運用此遊戲教學，推動永續發展教育的學校與人員參考。In Taiwan, environmental education, which becomes an integral part of curriculum activities in primary and secondary schools, has extended to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). In the process of promoting environmental education, we start from environmental protection, resource classification, and recycling. Therefore, there is a misunderstanding in many people's minds that sustainable development is equated with environmental protection and resource recycling. This research is to design a board game aimed at educating learners to understand the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals as the core, and strengthening Taiwan's comprehensive promotion of ESD. The SDGs Board Game developed and designed in this research conveys an important concept of "stimulating consciousness" and even "changing cognition" through sustainable development issues and 17 sustainable development goals, helping participants to identify problems, learn to ask questions, and explore the context and important components of the issues. In addition, the interaction and discussion in the game promotes opportunities for participants to express their own opinions, learn to adopt different points of views. Moreover, participants are able to formulate goals, confirm objectives and plan actions during the game. At the same time, participants will take the risks and consequences after the decision, and provide opportunities to revise and make the decision again. After the game design is completed, the game mechanism and teaching activities are tested. The final conclusion is proposed as follows:1. The sustainable development of board game equipment is helpful in teaching.2. Produce SDGs Board Games to assist teaching materials and teachers in their future application.3. SDGs Board Games convey that everyone's actions are closely related to the world. 4. SDGs Board Games are learner-centered. For teachers, it is enlightening and a set of practical applications in the teaching field. For learners, its sustainable development goals are closely related to each other through game experience, and construct the understanding of sustainable development issues. The core value of this study is to highlight the practice, learning and reflection of the participants in the interactive context of the game, so that this set of board games is not only a teaching aid for ESD, but also can be used by enterprises, public departments, schools and private units. The SDGs Board Game designed in this study will enrich the textbook library related to ESD and contribute to promote ESD. The results and suggestions can be used as a reference for schools and personnel who want to use this game teaching to promote ESD in the future.