排球選手下肢肌力表現與不同等張肌力訓練的量化研究

Abstract

本研究的目的是希望運用傳統等張肌力訓練器材及方法以量化的評估來測量出排球選手下肢肌力、最大收縮速度、跳躍高度與爆發力四項之間的相關性，並探討不同等張肌力訓練方式的差異。 本研究收集89學年度與93學年度二組選手共30位大學男子排球代表隊，進行下肢肌力、最大收縮速度、跳躍高度與爆發力的測量，實驗所得數據以t考驗及皮爾遜積差相關係數進行統計分析。 實驗結果顯示四項之間只有最大收縮速度與跳躍高度有高度正相關，相關係數r為0.844，統計的顯著水準定為α=0.05，其餘各組在統計上未能達到顯著相關。研究中兩組選手在最大收縮速度的表現有顯著差異，差異值為0.25m/sec。在跳躍高度亦有顯著差異，差異值為0.18m。下肢肌力與爆發力方面，兩組選手沒有顯著差異。 研究中探討發現：增強式訓練對增快收縮速度有正面效果，而連續跳躍攻擊訓練對提升跳躍高度有所助益。另外，建議應善用動力增強式的方法對排球選手進行訓練。The study aims to use quantitative measurement to evaluate the effect of different ways of isotonic strength training on the volleyball players’ lower limbs strength, maximal contraction velocity, jump height and energetic power’s performances. In addition, the correlation among the four kinds of performances will also be discussed. The data was collected from 30 male subjects. They were college volleyball players, who belonged to two school teams in the 2000 academic year and the 2004 academic year respectively. After different Ways of isotonic training, these subjects were examined and measured with four kinds of performances: lower limbs strength, maximal contraction velocity, jump height and energetic power. Two statistical tests, t-test and Pearson Correlation were used to analyze the data. The results of the study show that there is a positive correlation between two kinds of performances: maximal contraction velocity and jump height; the r value is 0.884. However, there is no positive correlation among the other kinds of performances. Besides, there are two significant differences (the p value< 0.05) between the two teams of subjects in the performances of maximal contraction velocity and jump height. The mean differences are 0.25m/sec and 0.18m/sec respectively. While, there are no significant differences between the two teams of subjects in the performances of lower limbs strength and energetic power. Another important finding in the study is that plyometric training has positive effect on enhancing contraction velocity and continuous smashing training can improve the height of jumping. Furthermore, the study also suggests making good use of action plyometric training to train the volleyball players.