國小注意力不足過動症學童家長之資訊行為研究

Abstract

注意力不足/過動症（Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder）屬神經發展疾患，患病孩童在生活中常表現出不專心、衝動的症狀，讓家長在教養照顧上相當困擾，過往研究多與症狀的治療及改善方案有關。近來雖有研究探討注意力不足/過動症家長之資源需求，但目前國內尚缺乏有關學童家長之資訊行為研究，忽略了家長獲取相關資訊的管道及困難，因此本研究主要探討國小注意力不足/過動症學童家長之資訊行為現況。本研究採用半結構式訪談法進行資料蒐集，訪問8位國小注意力不足/過動症學童之家長。研究結果發現，注意力不足/過動症學童家長在孩子確診前，較少注意有關注意力不足/過動症的相關資訊。在診斷階段會出現醫療相關的資訊需求，而在診斷過後需要的是更多能因應孩子問題的相關資訊，如：親職教養、學習環境、家長支持。而注意力不足/過動症家長之資訊尋求行為觸發來源大多是老師，當老師觀察到孩童在學校行為與他人不同時，會建議家長帶至醫療院所作進一步確認。在診斷過程中，家長會尋求醫療專業的建議，但同時由於孩子年紀小，家長會對藥物治療產生疑慮而出現對治療的抗拒。後續的教養部分，家長的教養資訊來源管道多元，會從網路、書籍、課程等獲取相關資訊，但也由於大量的資訊來源反而造成辨識上的困境。注意力不足/過動症家長之資訊使用的部分，家長會用所獲得的資訊決定醫療院所、評估治療方式，以及調整教養方式，並且在教養上的心態有所調適。在資訊的辨識部分會依據文章發布來源是否為醫療專業人士，以及個人過往的教養經驗作為新資訊適用性的辨識依據。最後在資訊分享的部分，由於擔心孩子被貼標籤，家長傾向只和有相同困擾的家長分享資訊。Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, where affected children often exhibit symptoms of inattention and impulsivity, causing significant challenges for parents in upbringing and caregiving. Previous research has mainly focused on the treatment and improvement of symptoms. Recently, some studies have explored the resource needs of parents of children with ADHD, but there is still a lack of research on the information behavior of these parents in Taiwan, neglecting the channels and difficulties parents face in obtaining relevant information. Therefore, this study primarily investigates the current information behavior of parents of elementary school children with ADHD.This study employed semi-structured interviews to collect data, interviewing eight parents of elementary school children with ADHD. The research findings revealed that before their children were diagnosed, parents paid little attention to information related to ADHD. During the diagnosis stage, there is a demand for medical-related information, and after the diagnosis, there is a need for more information on coping with their children's issues, such as parenting, learning environments, and parental support. The triggers for information-seeking behavior among parents of children with ADHD are mostly teachers. When teachers observe behavior in children that differs from their peers at school, they recommend that parents take their children to medical institutions for further confirmation. During the diagnostic process, parents seek professional medical advice, but since their children are young, they may have concerns about medication, leading to resistance to treatment. In terms of subsequent parenting, parents' sources of information are diverse, including the internet, books, and courses. However, the abundance of information sources can lead to difficulties in identifying reliable information. Regarding the use of information by parents of children with ADHD, they utilize the information obtained to decide on medical institutions, evaluate treatment methods, and adjust parenting strategies, with an attitudinal adjustment in their approach to parenting. In terms of identifying information, parents rely on whether the source of the article is a medical professional and their past parenting experiences to determine the applicability of new information. Finally, in the aspect of information sharing, due to concerns about their children being labeled, parents tend to share information only with other parents who have similar concerns.