父母管教方式、異性交往之親子溝通與青少年異性交往態度之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討父母管教方式、異性交往之親子溝通與青少年異性交往態度之相關研究。本研究採分層叢集非隨機抽樣法進行調查研究，回收後剔除廢卷共獲得有效651位台北市公私立高中一、二年級學生樣本。本研究以「異性交往態度量表」、「異性交往之親子溝通量表」、「父母管教方式量表」及「個人基本資料」為研究工具收集資料進行分析。本研究所得之資料乃以SPSS 11.5進行資料處理，以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、多元迴歸進行統計考驗。分析結果如下： 一、現況 青少年父母親管教方式其反應、要求的程度均略高。青少年親子間對異性交往之溝通少、干涉多。青少年異性交往態度趨向兩性平等、對婚前性行為持保守態度且對外表不太重視。

二、父母管教方式分析 不同戀愛次數其父母管教方式之「反應」面向有顯著差異。而父母社經地位與父母管教方式之「反應」面向有顯著相關。

三、異性交往之親子溝通分析 子女不同性別其「親子婚姻/性溝通」與「父母干涉」有顯著差異。有無戀愛經驗其「父母干涉」與「子女告知」有顯著差異。而不同戀愛次數在「父母干涉」有顯著差異。此外，父母不同教育程度其「父母干涉」有顯著差異。

四、異性交往態度分析 子女性別與不同戀愛經驗其「對婚前性行為的看法」有顯著差異。父母不同職業狀況其「交往態度」有顯著差異。此外，父母社經地位與「對婚前性行為的看法」有顯著相關。

五、父母管教方式、異性交往之親子溝通與異性交往態度相關分析 父母管教方式之反應與交往態度呈顯著相關；而要求與交往態度、婚前性行為的看法、期待異性的表現呈顯著相關。而親子婚姻/性溝通與交往態度、婚前性行為的看法呈顯著相關；父母干涉與期待異性的表現、對婚前性行為的看法呈顯著相關；此外，子女告知與交往態度、對婚前性行為的看法呈顯著相關。

六、對異性交往態度之多元迴歸分析 性別、戀愛經驗、父母干涉對「對婚前性行為的看法」有顯著解釋力，要求對「交往態度」有顯著解釋力。

本研究根據以上的結果提出建議，供家庭親職教育、學校兩性教育及未來研究之參考。Abstract This study aims to explore parenting style, parent-child communication on heterosexual relationship, and adolescents’ attitudes toward heterosexual relationship. With questionnaire survey and stratified cluster judgmental sampling, the study obtained 651 valid samples from first-year and second-year high school students in Taipei City. The instruments of the study include scale of parenting style, scale of parent-child communication on heterosexual relationship, scale of attitudes toward heterosexual relationship, and the personal information of the samples. Processed with SPSS 11.5 for Windows program running descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANONA, Pearson product- moment correlation, and multiple linear regression, the data shows the following results:

1.General situations Parents of adolescents demonstrate a more responsive and demanding parenting style. In terms of heterosexual relationship, parents tend to interfere rather than communicate with their children. As for adolescents’ attitudes toward heterosexual relationship, gender equity, a conservative view about premarital marriage and little emphasis on appearance are highlighted.

2.Analysis of parenting style Varied number of previous relationships leads to a significant difference in the aspect of “response” in parenting style, and a significant correlation is found between the socio-economic status of parents and the “response” of parenting style.

3.Analysis of parent-child communication of heterosexual relationship “Parent-child communication on marriage and sex” and “parental interference” vary significantly as the gender of the adolescent is different. Having previous relationships or not brings about a significant difference in “parental interference” and “information for parents”. Furthermore, the number of previous relationships results in great differences in “parental interference”, so do the education level of parents. 4.Analysis of attitudes toward heterosexual relationship Gender and different relationship experiences of adolescents leads to a significant difference in their “view about premarital sex”. Adolescents with parents of different careers differ greatly in their “attitudes toward heterosexual relationship”. It is also noted that the socio-economic status of parents has a significant correlation with adolescents’ “view about premarital sex”.

5.Correlation among parenting style, parent-child communication on heterosexual relationship, and adolescents’ attitude toward heterosexual relationship In parenting styles, parental response is highly correlated to adolescents’ attitude toward relationship, and so is demand to adolescents’ attitude toward relationship, view about premarital sex and expectations for the other gender. Parent-child communication on marriage and sex is notably correlated with adolescents’ attitude toward relationship and view about premarital sex, and so is parental interference by adolescents’ expectation for the other gender and view about premarital sex. In addition, a significant correlation is found between information for parents and adolescents’ attitude toward relationship and their view about premarital sex.

6.Results of multiple regression of attitudes toward heterosexual relationship Gender, relationship experience, and parental interference can predict “view about premarital sex”. Demand in parenting style can predict attitudes toward relationship.

Suggestions are made according to the results shown above for parenting education, school-based gender education and further studies.