高中舞蹈班學生身體意象之研究--以國立臺南家齊女中舞蹈班為例

Abstract

本研究目的旨在探討高中舞蹈班學生的身體意象，以國立臺南家齊女中舞蹈班三年級的學生為研究對象，藉由參與觀察、深度訪談與文件分析作為資料收集的主要方式。研究結果如下： 一、高中舞蹈班學生對自己的外表呈現「還算滿意」之情況，且多著重在關注眼睛和鼻子；但對體態部分多半不夠滿意，多關注在身高、腿長及體重部分；而以舞者身分而言，除了一樣重視體態與比例之外，他們則更加關注於身體適能、肌肉線條及動作質感等要素上。其中唯一的男性舞者，則希望自己肌肉再結實些，線條再明顯些。以他們對於身體不甚滿意的內涵來說，皆是期望能達致更美好的舞者體態。 二、高中舞蹈班學生在從事舞蹈活動時，感受到的身體經驗為外在刺激以及內在情感交互流動的過程，自我感知歷程在身體部分，多半在感受肌群的使用程度、力量的收放、多方向的內縮或延展、身體緊繃或放鬆程度等；心理部分則多專注於情感的流露與表達，透過肢體揣摩內心情感，再由內心反芻欲表達之情緒，用身體做具體呈現的雙向過程。 三、社會文化價值觀、重要他人皆為重要影響高中舞蹈班學生身體意象的原因；相較之下他們對於媒體給予的影響力多數人較不在意。 透過此研究，期能了解高中舞蹈班學生的身體意象，以及從事舞蹈活動時所感知的身體經驗，並分析出影響高中舞蹈班學生身體意象的重要原因，俾利各高中舞蹈班在教學與訓練過程中，減少學生對於追求理想中完美體態與優美線條，而過度自我控制(如不當節食)所造成的身體傷害。

The purpose of this research is to discuss the body image of high school dancing talented class students, taking the ninth graders from National Tainan Chia- Chi Girl’s Senior High School as the object of study. Through investigation, interviews and document analysis, the results are as follows: 1. Students from high school dancing talented classes are mostly fairly satisfied with their appearance (mainly focusing on eyes and nose), but not with their body figure, which is mainly referred to their body proportion such as height, weight, and length of the legs. However, for them, above the focus on facial appearance and body figure, fitness is taken as the most important for a dancer. Taking the only male dancer in the class as an example, he wishes to have stronger muscles and more obvious muscle lines. Behind the unsatisfactory of their figures, is the hope to reach a more beautiful and ideal image of a dancer. 2. When dancing, the students in dancing talent class stated that the body experience is the communication between physical stimulation and emotional expression. On the physical side, one feels and understands the usage of the muscles, the control of the strength, and the level of tension and relaxation of the body while on the physiological side, one focuses on the expression of emotion through physical movements and vice versa. 3. Socio-cultural values and important others are both very important influences of the students’ body images while the impact of media not being really influential in comparison. Through the research, it is expected to gain more understanding on the body image and the physical experience of high school dancing talented class students, and to analyze the important factors that influence their body image of themselves in order to reduce the physical damages caused by the excessive self- control in pursuit of the ideal perfect body figure such as improper diet, in the process of the training and teaching of dancing talented classes.