從屬性統合與主體性建構――日治時期在台日人對台語歌謠的采集整理及傳播

Abstract

本文係探討日治時期在台日人對台語歌謠的采集整理及傳播，主要將當時在台日人的台語歌謠采集整理活動發展作為一種態樣，回歸於當時殖民場域、文化空間的大環境觀察，以鳥勘探討殖民者於台灣進行的從屬性統合與殖民主體性建構，以及殖民統治本質、殖民論述、殖民知識生產，監控規訓、改造「國民」身體等手段。其中，一併爬梳當時日人的台語學習研究發展概況，以觀察其與台語歌謠采集的關聯性。同時，梳理日人的台語歌謠采集概況，並觀察其書面記錄形式，甚至觸及殖民者的白話台語建設工程議題。雖然論文議題鎖定於在台日人，然為讓台語歌謠采集發展的整體面貌較清晰，相對於殖民者的從屬性統合、主體性建構、殖民論述，本文也用小篇幅探討被殖民的台灣人於台語歌謠場域的抵殖民論述、文化及鄉土認同、改善台灣人本身素質的進步觀等主體性建構表現，以作為對照性的研究。另，針對警察涉入台語歌謠場域的現象加以觀察，例如查禁、配合宣傳歌的政策宣導、現代社會教化，以管控、規訓台灣人，鞏固殖民政權。This study discusses the collection and application of Taiwanese ballads by Japanese in Taiwan during the Japanese colonial period. It mainly focuses on the activities development of Taiwanese ballads’ collection by Japanese in Taiwan. Returning to the colonial field and observing the environment of cultural space during the Japanese colonial period, this study examines the proceeding of subordinate integration and subjective construction by Japanese colonists in Taiwan, and the means of the nature of colonial rule, colonial discourse, production of colonial knowledge, taking control and disciplining, and transforming “national” bodies, and so on. Additionally, this study sorts out the development of Japanese Taiwanese studies and research for viewing its connection with the Taiwanese ballads’ collection, analyzes the state of Taiwanese ballads’ collection by Japanese and their written forms of keeping records, and covers the issues of the colonists’ construction projects of Taiwanese vernacular as well. Although the research subjects of this study are Japanese in Taiwan, for a clear holistic view on the development of Taiwanese ballads’ collection and conducting a comparative study, in opposition to the colonists’ subordinate integration, subjective construction, and colonial discourse, this study also slightly discusses the execution of subjective construction by the ruled Taiwanese in terms of the resistance to the colonial discourse in the field of Taiwanese ballads, culture and local identity, and advanced concepts of increasing the intrinsic quality of Taiwanese. Moreover, this study observes the phenomena of police’s intervention in the field of Taiwanese ballads for taking control and disciplining Taiwanese, such as censorship and prohibitions, policies advocacy in propaganda songs, enlightenment of modern society, and even converting “national” bodies, whereby to secure the colonial regime.