新北市平溪區銀髮族居民資訊需求及資訊行為特性

Abstract

台灣自1993年起正式進入高齡化社會，銀髮族的議題日漸受到重視。過去長者資訊需求研究往往專注於醫療相關主題，也較少以鄉村地區為研究場域。新北市平溪區被稱為全台灣最老的社區，同時具有鄉村地區及觀光地區的文化背景。本研究選定該地方為研究場域，透過參與式觀察及深入訪談，期望瞭解該地方銀髮族生活情況、資訊需求、資訊行為特性以及銀髮族對圖書館的看法，試探討強化社區銀髮族資訊獲取的機會。

本研究觀察社區中居民平日活動場域及活動場合，共訪談12名銀髮族居民，以及10名與銀髮族生活或社區事務相關的人員，作為本研究分析的資料。結果發現：

關於銀髮族的日常生活態度及情況：（一）銀髮族個體間生活類型差異大，生活條件亦影響長者的環境態度。（二）活動場域深受交通條件限制。（三）社區內醫療及消費機能有限。（四）連結社會的心理需求顯現於其生活行為之中。在資訊需求的結果則表現：（一）銀髮族生活的簡化也使資訊需求簡化。（二）銀髮族特別重視醫療保健資訊需求，但也特別弱勢。（三）除日常生活維持、充實生活、醫療保健、人際關係這類個人的需求外，社區內公共議題的資訊亦受關注。在資訊行為特性方面發現：（一）人際間的口語傳播盛行，為社區主要資訊傳遞管道。（二）生理功能的退化和環境限制是限制長者資訊行為的主要障礙。（三）子女晚輩在銀髮族資訊生活中具多重角色。（四）銀髮族使用資訊時較缺乏評估的能力和意識。最後在圖書館方面則發現：（一）銀髮族對圖書館存在研究、學習的印象，感覺較疏離。（二）居民仍期待圖書館能有更多改善的可能。Taiwan became an aging society since 1993. Studies on the elderly are increasingly significant. The past studies on information needs of the elderly focus on healthcare and medical frequently. Moreover, researches on rural area are in scarcity.

Pinxi District, New Taipei City is called as “The most elderly community in Taiwan”. This research would like to investigate the life style, information needs and information seeking behaviors of the elderly in Pinxi District. Elderly dwellers’ opinions about the public library in Pinxi are included in the study. This research uses participant observation and in-depth interview as research methods, Attempting to Investigate the how to strengthen the chances of information acquisition of the elderly dwellers in Pinxi District.

This research observed the fields and occasions of the residents. 22 people were interviewed, including elderly residents and 10 key persons or people know much about the elderly. The results show that:

Results about life style and attitude of the elderly are: (1) Living conditions affect their attitudes toward environments. (2) Their living areas are restricted by traffic conditions. (3) Medical and trading resources are limited. (4)Their psychological needs for social relationship reveal in life styles. Results about information needs are: (1) Simplification of the elderly makes their information needs simplified. (2) Health information needs are significant to the elderly, but are in poverty simultaneously. (3) They have personal information needs about daily life maintaining, leisure planning, health, social relationship. Additionally, information needs of public issues are noticed. Results about information behaviors are: (1) Oral communication is the most important channel of information Transferring. (2) Physiological degeneration and environment limitation are the main barriers to information behaviors. (3) Younger generation play multiple roles in information behaviors of the elderly. (4) The Elderly have shortage of ability and awareness of information assess Finally, their opinions about the public library are: (1) The elderly regard the library as a place for research, studying and learning. (2) Some residents have expectations that the library could provide better services.