個人社會資本與公民態度關係之研究

Abstract

本研究之目的在於探究個人社會資本與公民態度兩者之間的關係，使用中央研究院學術調查研究資料庫(Survey Research Data Archive, SRDA)之「臺灣社會變遷基本調查」資料，針對1995年第三期第一次、2000年第四期第一次及2005年第五期第一次，共三期次的調查，進行資料分析，以瞭解個人社會資本的不同資源類型分別對不同面向的公民態度所產生的影響效果。 研究結果發現本文建構的結構方程模型具有良好的模型適配度，且模型呈現穩定的趨勢，顯示個人社會資本中的個人資源越高，對公民態度中的「政治功效」和「容忍與法治的民主價值」越有正面效應；而個人社會資本中的社會資源越高，亦對於公民態度中的「政治功效」越有正面效應。但是，值得注意的是，個人社會資本中不論是個人資源條件或社會資源條件，都對公民態度中的社會關懷產生負向的影響效果；另外，當社會資源越高時，對公民態度中容忍與法治的民主價值不一定存在正面效應，我們將對此結果提出可能且較深入的解釋，並予以未來研究之相關建議。The main purpose of this study is to elaborate the relationship between individual social capital and civic attitude. Using data which were collected in 1995, 2000, and 2005 from the research project "Taiwan Social Change Survey" of the Survey Research Data Archive, we can examine the effects of different individual social capital resources on distinctive aspects of civic attitude with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that this study has goodness of model fit, and the model keeps being stable in 3cycles. Besides, this study supports that the more individual resource of individual social capital can make the more positive influence on “political efficacy” and “tolerance and rule-by-law of democratic value” of civic attitude; the social resource of individual social capital has a positive effect on “political efficacy” of civic attitude. However, when someone has the more social resource of individual social capital, the effect on the “tolerance and rule-by-law of democratic value” of civic attitude would not be necessarily positive, and moreover, both resources of individual social capital have a negative relationship with “social care” of civic attitude. According to these outcomes, we attempt to provide some adequate explanations and several suggestions to future studies.