有無規律運動男性老年人平衡能力與步態之比較研究

Abstract

目的：比較有無規律運動男性老年人平衡能力與步態之差異，並探討平衡能力與步態之關聯性。方法：本研究招募60位65-75歲男性老年人，分成規律運動組30人與無規律運動組30人，分別接受平衡能力與走路步態之測驗，平衡能力以測力板測量開眼雙腳站立、閉眼雙腳站立、開眼單腳站立與閉眼單腳站立四項測驗；步態則以智慧型能量消耗與活動紀錄器 (Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity, IDEEA)監測100公尺正常速度與最快速度走步態參數之表現。統計方法以獨立樣本t-test考驗兩組於平衡能力與步態間之差異，並以皮爾森相關係數分析平衡能力與步態的相關性，顯著水準為α< .05。結果：規律運動組四項平衡能力測驗的壓力中心 (COP) 軌跡移動總距離均顯著小於無規律運動組 (p < .05)；步態方面，兩組於正常速度走步態參數皆無顯著差異 (p > .05)，而在最快速度走方面，兩組於完成時間、雙腳支撐期、站立期百分比與雙腳支撐期百分比達顯著差異 (p < .05)之外，其他步態參數皆無顯著差異 (p > .05)；平衡能力與步態間，無論正常速度或最快速度走與平衡能力方面均無顯著相關 (p > .05)。結論：本研究結果指出規律運動有助於老年男性之平衡和步態表現；同時，老年男性之平衡能力與行走100公尺的步態表現並無相關性。Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare the difference of balance and gait between the regular and non-regular exercise of male elderly. Methods: Sixty male elderly who aged between 65-75 were recruited as subjects, including regular exercise group (n=30) and non-regular exercise group (n=30). Balance was assessed by Kistler force plate and 100-meter walking test while gait was assessed by Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity (IDEEA). The differences of all parameters from either balance or gait between two groups were investigated by independent sample t-test. Besides, the correlation between balance and gait was assessed through Pearson’s product-moment correlation. Results: Regular exercise group had significantly better (p< .05) performance than non-regular group in balance. There is no difference between two groups in normal speed gait (p > .05). Regular exercise group had significantly better (p< .05) performance than non-regular one in the items of time, double support phase, stance phase % and double support phase % of fast speed gait (p < .05). There was no correlation between balance and gait items (p > .05). Conclusion: These results indicated that the regular exercise could have benefit for balance and gait performance of elderly men. Meanwhile, balance ability for the elderly men had no relationship with gait performance during 100-meter walk.