5G 科技為基礎的遠距醫療：以使用者觀點

Abstract

自新冠病毒（COVID-19）疫情爆發以來，病毒傳播的速度相當快，遠距醫療的應用又開始受到許多國家的重視。目前遠距醫療包含遠距會診、遠距急救、遠距諮詢、遠距健康照護、傳染病隔離觀察等相關應用。遠距醫療可以使大都會地區的醫院提供醫療協助給偏遠鄉鎮或離島在外的醫師，使相隔兩地的病人與醫療團隊能透過遠距醫療，即時傳送聲音、影像、醫療圖像與數據到雲端系統，接著系統會傳送到都會區大型醫院的醫療團隊。相關資料與數據需要資訊科技，以不延遲、準確、高速地傳送，高頻寬、低延遲、多連結的行動網路視為首要條件。遠距醫療應用在 5G 網路的高頻寬、低延遲、多連結的環境下，偏鄉與離島的醫療環境能夠受益。這種先進的混合實境應用，傳輸高清影像或監控數據經由 5G 的高速網路，也可協助在遠端的醫護人員，操作儀器並執行醫療檢查，同時讓他們能熟練醫療檢查的要點。此外，以 5G 科技的三大特色加上遠距醫療，讓在遠端的醫生能指導在另一端的醫護人員進行救護工作。本研究探討使用 5G 科技的遠距醫療來改善偏鄉醫療環境及降低群聚感染風險，並以一般民眾觀點看遠距醫療模式。究首先針對遠距醫療進行文獻分析，文獻包含國外相關 5G 的應用、遠距醫療、5G 與遠距醫療的關連、遠距醫療與民眾之關連。接著以問卷調查的方式收集民眾的意見，了解民眾對於遠距醫療的認知與感受程度，及接受願意。研究工具以重要-表現程度分析法 (Importance-Performance Analysis, IPA)，藉由分析結果來建議未來各項服務重點的改善程序與排程。IPA 研究結果顯示，民眾認為最優先改善之順序為，遠距醫療需確保醫療隱私、在 COVID-19 期間，遠距會診可以節省時間和避免住院方面感染、政府提供遠距醫療補助計劃、在救護車上提供遠距急救、在 COVID-19 期間使用遠距觀察隔離病人、遠距會診可以獲得更快的診斷，減少不必要的轉診。Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the virus has been spreading rapidly, and many countries pay more attention to the telemedicine again. For now, the applications of telemedicine include teleconsultation, tele-EMS (Emergency medical services), remote consultation, telehealth, and medical isolation observation for inflected patients, etc. Providing medical assistance from larger hospitals in urban areas to doctors in remote areas or offshore islands, so that patients and medical teams in two places can use the telemedicine to immediately send the voice, image, medical photos and data back to the cloud system, and then the date will be transmitted to the hospitals by the cloud. The data needs the information technology to provide data transfer with real-time, accurate, and high-speed features, so the high bandwidth, low latency, and massive connectivity of mobile networks are the key points for data communication.The application of telemedicine with the high bandwidth, low latency, and massive connectivity of 5G networks will help improve the medical environment in remote areas. About this kind of advanced application of mixed reality, transmitting high-resolution images or monitoring data through 5G networks, it helps medical and nursing staffs at remote side to do the medical examination or operate test equipment, and be familiar with examination skills. In addition, using the telemedicine with three major features of 5G networks, the doctors at the remote side can guide the local staffs to provide medical services.This study explores telemedicine using 5G technology to improve rural medical environment and reduce the risk of cluster infection, and is based on the view on telemedicine from the perspective of the general public. First, studied the documents related to the telemedicine. The documents included the application of 5G networks in foreign countries, telemedicine, the relationship between 5G and telemedicine, and the connection between telemedicine and people. Then, the public's opinions were collected by means of a questionnaire survey to understand the public's cognition and feeling on telemedicine, and their willingness to accept it. Finally, used the IPA analysis method of research tool to suggest improvement procedures and schedules for future service priorities through the analysis results. The results of the IPA analysis show the public's highest priority for improvement is that telemedicine needs to ensure medical privacy, telemedicine can save time and avoid infection in hospital during COVID-19, the government provides telemedicine program, provide tele-EMS (Emergency medical services) in an ambulance, using remote observation for isolated patients during COVID-19, teleconsultation allows for faster diagnosis and fewer unnecessary referrals.