臺灣民眾對於野生動物與遊蕩犬貓關係之認知

Abstract

許多研究顯示，遊蕩犬貓對於野生動物已造成顯著的負面影響。在 2022 年中研院內建臺灣物種名錄將外來種犬貓更新為入侵外來種。在臺灣目前已有《動物保護法》立法管理遊蕩犬貓，但由於零安樂政策實施，管理成效及管理方式在近年被大量討論。國內外文獻皆顯示了其中政策的規劃往往與民眾對其議題的知識、價值、態度有關。因此本研究使用價值、態度、行為模型 (Value-AttitudeBehavior Model ,VAB) 作為基礎理論，配合背景變項及相關經驗普查，探討臺灣民眾的野生動物價值、對於野生動物與遊蕩犬貓關係的知識程度、遊蕩犬貓管理態度及相關行為，並且分析以上之相關性及影響力。本研究探討臺灣民眾對於野生動物與遊蕩犬貓關係之認知，民眾之態度，針對遊蕩犬貓管理進行行為檢視，以了解影響民眾飼養行為及勸導意願的良窳。研究最終回收 1482 份有效問卷，從結果來看，不同背景變項及飼養經驗對於野生動物價值取向、遊蕩犬貓與野生動物關係知識、遊蕩犬貓管理態度及相關行為皆具差異性。民眾具備野生動物存在及權利價值者，對於大多數遊蕩犬貓管理態度呈現正向影響，但無法預測遊蕩犬貓致死（安樂死）管理態度。民眾擁有知識程度的差異性，影響民眾對於遊蕩犬貓數量控制、致死管理態度，及避免餵食遊蕩犬貓、攜帶犬貓外出需要牽繩的飼養行為及勸導意願。

Many studies have demonstrated that free-roaming dogs and cats have caused significant negative impacts on wildlife. In 2022, the Taiwan Species List within the National Academy for Educational Research updated foreign species of dogs and cats to invasive alien species. In Taiwan, the management of free-roaming dogs and cats is currently regulated by the"Animal Protection Act". However, due to the implementation of a zero-euthanasia policy, the effectiveness and management methods have been extensively discussed in recent years. Domestic and international literature has indicated that the planning of such policies is often related to the public's knowledge, values, and attitudes towards the issue. Therefore, this study employs the ValueAttitude-Behavior Model (VAB) as the underlying theory, along with background variables and relevant surveys,to investigate the values of wildlife, the level of knowledge regarding the relationship between wildlife and free-roaming dogs and cats, attitudes towards the management of free-roaming dogs and cats, and related behaviors among the Taiwanese public.Additionally, the study analyzes the correlations.This study investigates the perceptions of Taiwanese people regarding the relationship between wildlife and free roaming dogs and cats, their attitudes, and their behavioral intentions towards free roaming dog and cat management, in order to understand the factors that influence people's pet-keeping behaviors and willingness to promote responsible pet ownership. A total of 1482 valid questionnaires were collected for the study. The results show that there are differences in wildlife values, knowledge of the relationship between free roaming dogs and cats and wildlife, attitudes towards free roaming dog and cat management, and related behaviors based on different background variables and pet ownership experiences. Individuals who recognize the existence and rights of wildlifetend to have more positive attitudes towards most aspects of free roaming dog and cat management, but their attitude towards euthanasia (euthanizing) of free roaming dogs and cats cannot be predicted. The differences in knowledge levels among individuals influence their attitudes towards controlling the population of free roaming dogs and cats, euthanasia management, and pet ownership behaviors such as avoiding feeding free roaming dogs and cats and leashing dogs and cats when going out, as well as their willingness to promote responsible pet ownership.