十二週太極拳訓練對氣喘兒童肺功能與心肺耐力的影響

Abstract

規律運動有助於氣喘症狀的改善，但太極拳運動對於氣喘兒童的益處，則少人加以探討。本研究主要目的在探討12週太極拳訓練對氣喘兒童肺功能與心肺耐力的影響。以32名患有氣喘國小學童（平均年齡9.77±1.79歲與體重36.66±12.59公斤）為研究對象，隨機分派至實驗組與控制組。實驗組受試者除體育課外，另接受為期12週、每週三次、每次45分鐘、強度為最大心跳率的45-60％的陳式太極拳訓練；控制組除體育課外，不從事其他運動訓練。受試者分別於訓練前、訓練6週及12週後接受肺功能檢測，檢測項目包括肺活量、第一秒吐氣量和尖峰呼氣流速 ，並於訓練前及12週訓練後進行800公尺心肺耐力檢測。所得資料以獨立樣本t-test和混合設計二因子變異數（two-way ANOVA）分析比較，顯著水準定為p＜0.05。 結果發現：一、12週太極拳訓練後，對氣喘兒童休息狀態下的肺活量、第一秒吐氣量和尖峰呼氣流速皆有明顯改善（p＜0.05）。二、太極拳訓練對氣喘兒童運動後肺活量和第一秒吐氣量進步幅度顯著比控制組大 (P＜.05) ， 但進步百分比則無明顯差異。三、太極拳訓練對運動後喝冰水肺功能和心肺耐力皆無明顯進步。結論：12週太極拳規律訓練，可改善氣喘兒童休息狀態下的肺功能， 對於運動後的部分肺功能有助益。

Regular exercise has benefits for releasing the symptoms of asthma; however, few researches have been conducted to exam the values of Tai Chi Chuan for the asthmatic children. The purposes of this research were to investigate the effects of 12-week Tai Chi Chuan training on lung function and cardio-respiratory fitness of asthmatic students. Thirty two asthmatic students ( average age was 9.77±1.79 years and body weight was 36.66±12.59kgs) were recruited as the subjects and randomly assigned into experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The subjects of EG had received 12 week Chen-Style Tai Chi Chuan training, 3 days per week, 45 minutes each day with the intensity of 45-60% Maximal heart rate. The CG subjects received no training except 2 hours PE class activity each week for both groups. The Lung function test of each subject was taken before training、6 and 12 weeks after training, including the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF). The 800 meters run and walk test was measured before and after 12 weeks training. The collected data was analyzed by independent t-test and mixed two-way ANOVA and the results were as followed: 1. The FVC, FEV1 and PEF of lung function showed a significant increase (p＜0.05) in a state of rest after 12 weeks of training. 2. The increased rate of post-exercise FVC and FEV1 of EG were significantly greater than that of CG (p＜0.05) after 12 week of training. However, the ratio of improvement were not significant between EG and CG. 3. The lung function (FVC, FEV1 and PEF) after exercise with ice drink and cardiovascular fitness were not significant increase after training. The 12-week Tai Chi Chuan training showed positive effects on lung function of asthma-children in the rest state and post exercise condition.