高中職校園公共藝術對學生美育之作用-南湖、大安學生對校園公共藝術反應之研究

Abstract

高中職學生每日最少有八小時在學校裡學習與活動，學校教育所要達成的目標，除了傳授學生知識技能外，還包含了培養健全人格，啓發思想…等，而欲達到目標，並非僅靠著教師在課堂中的講述便可達成的，學校的整體環境具有境教的功能，因此校園公共藝術並非只是閒置空間的裝飾物，除了有校園環境美化的功能外，透過適當的公共藝術品的設計、作品與環境的融合與學校的教學，使公共藝術能破除學生對藝術高深的想像，培養學生美育，進而將藝術帶入學生的生活。現今社會常以升學為重，在高升學壓力下的高中職校園裡，透過公共藝術的規劃與設置，能否提供學生在接觸或欣賞這些作品時，引起對藝術的興趣，進而產生對美育的作用，是本文主要探討的內容。 本研究主要在了解高中職校園公共藝術對於學生是否有達到美感教育的功能，以「個案研究法」進行研究，個案選擇以工業類科著稱之臺北市立大安高工以及校園公共藝術多元的臺北市南湖高中為調查研究對象，利用問卷調查了解個案學校的學生對於學校內公共藝術的看法，並訪問個案學校的教師對於校園內公共藝術的意見和看法，相互對照，再輔以文獻分析，蒐集相關文獻評價資料進行整理，分析兩校調查結果之異同，最後總結在那些條件下，得以使校園公共藝術產生對學生美育的作用。 歸納訪談結果、問卷分析結果及相關文獻，我們了解到高中職校園公共藝術對於學生美育的培養是具重要性的，其作用在於引起學生對藝術的興趣、學習審美、提升創造思維與實踐力及身心平衡與品德培養；而本研究最後亦針對校園公共藝術規劃前，應考量的設置因素，以及公共藝術設置後，學校應注意的相關規劃兩個方面提出具體相關建議，藉以促使校園公共藝術能確實獲得校方及各單位之重視，提供高中職適切規劃校園內公共藝術的建議。 關鍵詞：校園公共藝術、美術教育、藝術性、公共性、互動性Students in vocational high schools spend at least eight hours at school, and the purposes of school education include passing on knowledge as well as cultivating character and inspiring thinking. Such goals can be achieved through both in-classroom instruction and campus layout. Therefore, campus public artworks are not merely decorations for spare space; with appropriate artistic designs and integrations into teaching, these artworks can not only grace the campus but also raise students' aesthetics. The main purpose of this research study is to discover whether students, in a highly stressful environment, would have more interest in art if they are exposed to well planned and installed public artworks on campus. This research was mainly carried out to find if public art in vocational high schools performs the function of implementing art education on students. It was a case study of two distinctive schools- Taipei Municipal Da-An Vocational Industrial High School, renowned for its industrial divisions, and Taipei Municipal Nan-Hu High School, boasting its various on-campus artworks. A questionnaire survey was conducted in these two schools to collect students' opinions about their campus public art. The literature review presented comments and analysis from related topics. Interviews of the faculty and staff members were also conducted to know their attitudes and opinions towards these artworks. After a series of comparison and contrast, the similarities and differences between these two schools were analyzed to find out the conditions in which campus public art has an influence on art education. Concluding from the interviews, questionnaire analysis and literature review, it was found that campus public art in high school is essential for cultivating art appreciation. Its significance lies in arousing students' interest in art, developing aesthetic perception, creativity, mind-body balance, and morality. In the end of the research, suggestions for planning campus public art and post-installation maintenance were proposed to raise school's awareness. Keywords : Public art on Campus、Art education、Artistic Quality、public、interaction