兩性離子共聚物的合成以及作為混凝土化學摻料的可行性評估

Abstract

強塑劑對高性能混凝土工作性有相當大的影響。本研究合成二種共聚物PDA和PAMD作為混凝土的分散劑。首先利用馬來酸酐和N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺合成CDPA，再和氯醋酸鈉反應得到DAE，再和丙烯醯胺依不同比例行自由基聚合得到PDA。接著由2-丙烯醯胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸( AMPSA )、甲基丙烯酸( MAA )與改質單體DAE依不同比例行自由基聚合得到PAMD。以FT-IR與1H-NMR鑑定合成之DAE、PDA和PAMD結構；利用GPC測定共聚物的分子量，電位滴定儀測定共聚物中單體比例。 探討PDA、PAMD的單體比例、分子量對水泥漿的流動性與混凝土的工作性的影響，結果並與商用之磺酸系HPC-1000及羧酸系HP 100進行比較。研究結果顯示， 添加PDA( DAE :AAM = 1 : 5, Mw= 5.3 × 104 )的水泥漿體具有最佳之初始迷你坍度與坍度維持性，飽和劑量為0.8wt%。添加PAMD( AMPSA : MAA : DAE = 3 : 5 : 1, Mw= 4.9 × 104 )的水泥漿體具有最佳之初始迷你坍度與坍度維持性，飽和劑量為0.2%。

The workability of high performance concrete is highly dependent on the addition of superplasticizer(SP). In this research, two kinds of copolymer,i.e., PDA and PAMD ,are synthesized. First, CDPA was prepared from maleic anhydride and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine. Secondly,CDPA was reacted with Sodium chloroacetate to obtain DAE . Finally,DAE was reacted with acrylamide to obtain PDA.PAMD was prepared from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid(AMPSA)、methacrylic acid (MAA), and DAE.The prepared monomer and polymer have been confirmed by their FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra；the molecular weight of polymer was determined by the Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and the reactant ratio of the polymer were determined by the titration method. The effects of the reactant ratio and molecular weight of PDA and PAMD on the fluidity of cement pastes and the workability of concretre were studied,and the results compared to those of the commercial superplasticizers, i.e. ; carboxylate-based(SP)( HP 100 ) and sulfonate-based(SP)( HPC-1000 ). The results indicate that the cement pastes with PDA ( DAE : AAM = 1 : 5, Mw = 5.3 × 104 )show the highest initial mini slump and the lowest slump loss ; the saturation dosage was 0.8wt% ; The cement pastes with PAMD ( AMPSA : MAA : DAE = 3 : 5 : 1,Mw = 4.9 × 104 )show the highest initial mini slump and the lowest slump loss ; the saturation dosage was 0.2wt%.