羽球後場反拍下壓球之運動學分析

Abstract

選手在後場利用反拍擊球可以取代繞頭正拍擊球，使球場上的位移減少達到節省體力的效果，擊出優質的反拍切球和反拍殺球能在比賽中達到轉守為攻的效果。目的：本研究主要透過羽球反拍切球和反拍殺球在擊直線和對角球動作之運動學分析，了解不同路線反拍下壓球技術的運動學現象，另外藉由優秀羽球選手之運動學資料，來瞭解反拍下壓球動作的特徵，以提供教練日後教學與選手訓練的參考依據。方法：以八位大專男子甲組羽球選手為受試者，使用8部(Vicon T20) 紅外線攝影機 (250Hz) 及Nexus1.7軟體來蒐集動作影像資料，再以Visual 3D軟體計算運動學數據；所有參數均透過SPSS 20.0版統計套裝軟體來計算，並以無母數弗里曼二因子等級變異數分析來檢定，若達顯著則進行事後比較，顯著水準定為α=.05。結果：反拍直線切球擊球點的重心前後位置與其它三種擊球技術有顯著差異(-0.12m)，所以反拍直線切球的擊球點會在重心的後面。由擊球點與重心左右位置、拍面與額狀面角度和擊球瞬間肩關節的角度，可以看出反拍擊對角球時揮拍軌跡會從外側往內側揮擊以增加擊球角度。

Abstract Players may save their energy expense by using backhand stroke instead of round-the-head stroke to decrease displacement distance. Perform high quality backhand drop shot and smash can launch a counterattack during competitions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematics variable among backhand smash and drop shot in straight and cross court movements. Eight collegiate elite players participated in this study. Eight Vicon T20 System Cameras (250Hz) were used to collect motion image data, and kinematical data were later computed by Nexus 1.7 and Visual 3D software. We used SPSS 20.0 software to compared the variables by the Friedman two-way analysis of variance nonparametric statistical test and the post-hoc comparison, the significant levels was as α = .05. The result indicated that there was a significant difference among the backhand overhead techniques that the distance between the COM and the shuttle contact point of backhand drop shot was the least(-0.12m). Therefore, the shuttle contact point of backhand drop shot was behind the COM. From the distance between the COM and the shuttle contact point, the racket pan angle and the angle of shoulder joint at contact. The players increased the outside-in swing angle while performed the backhand cross court strokes.