公共藝術對城市意象塑造之探討──以台北市為例

Abstract

台灣公共藝術歷經二十多年的發展，公共藝術範疇不斷被擴大，其存在於城市空間的意義已不僅僅是當下場域環境的美化，更被賦予著社會議題探討、社區意識認同或擔負形塑城市意象的策略之一。公共藝術與城市意象兩者之間的關聯性為何？公共藝術如何去塑造城市意象？這是本研究試圖探究的核心議題。 台北市擁有龐大的公共藝術資源，在公共藝術計畫概念及操作機制上扮演著引領先驅的角色。本研究以台北市為例，企圖梳理出其公共藝術發展的脈絡，從中擇取近年來發展出的「節慶化」、「社區營造」指標性的公共藝術計畫作為研究個案，進行相互辯證，以瞭解公共藝術對於城市意象塑造所產生的影響及層面，及公共藝術在其藝術本質上對於城市意象塑造被感知的程度與限制。 透過相關個案的相互辨證研究，經由分析後歸納出三點建議：(一)公共藝術介入城市空間，必須回應個體或群體的生活經驗。(二)城市意象的塑造，需要時間持續性的累積。(三)以公共藝術作為城市意象的策略，必須創造群聚效應。Public art has been developed for over 20 years in Taiwan. The scope has been expanding and the meaning has grown beyond the simple purpose of decorating the environment. It is now a strategy employed to initiate discussions on certain social issues, to create community identification, or to shape city imagery. This research focuses on exploring two questions: (1) What are the connections between public art and city imagery? (2) How does public art shape the city imagery? The City of Taipei has been a pioneer in the development of public art in Taiwan in terms of conceptualization and implementation. Therefore there is a huge resource of public art hidden in the city. Targeting this resource, this research makes an attempt to sort out the development of public art in different categories and abstracts the more symbolic projects with certain themes, like “festivalizaiton” and “community empowerment” for an in-depth discussion. The objective of this research is to explore the effects of public art in the shaping of city imagery at different levels, including how a work of public art in essence is perceived in relation to the shaping of city imagery and its limitations. Through case studies and analysis, we consolidated our findings into three recommendations: (1) Public art installed in the city spaces must be a response to the individual or collective life experiences of the community. (2) The shaping of city imagery is a long-term and continuing process. (3) Public art designed as a strategy for shaping the city imagery must be conceptualized with the cluster effect element.