年輕女性乳癌病友的身體意象與社會支持

Abstract

本研究在探討瞭解逐漸增加且有特殊需求及任務之年輕乳癌病友族群，在進行相關手術及治療後，其身體意象(bady image)與社會支持之變化。針對六名四十歲以下罹患乳癌之女性病友，透過質性研究之深度訪談法進行資料收集。研究結果發現，外科醫師手術方式的決定，是最直接影響乳癌病友身體意象的因子；在治療終結後，可以發現方式或找到管道讓受苦得以昇華，創造出其他的意義及價值，對於乳癌病友而言，是一個相當大的轉念力量，對其身體意象亦有正向的影響。在社會支持部份，家人、朋友、職場及病友組織等，都是病友罹病過程重要的支持來源；另發現，罹病經驗與人際互動之間，及身體意象對於病友人際關係的抉擇，相互影響。對於年輕未婚乳癌病友而言，面臨雙重困境，在沒有伴侶情況下，與原生家庭的互動下因各個家庭間互動親密與疏離，所獲資源不一。 透過研究，希冀未來的許多女性能在疾病的預防及診斷上能採取積極作為，主動與醫師討論治療計畫，並打開心房走出家門，並在可能的情況下持續工作；另外，提醒親友對於病友的愛與關懷應持續且保持彈性；對於醫務社會工作師部分，建議能依著新病友的特性，媒合適切的病友服務，另可針對病友家屬進行團體工作；最後，在醫護部分，對於病情的解釋能有個殊性的做法，並應完善醫院病友組織的工作機制，提供正向的肯定及實質的協助。This study is to investigate and understand the gradual increase in young breast cancer patients with special needs and tasks of the population, during surgery and treatment-related changes about their body image and Social Support。Focus on 6 females that under 40 years old who with breast cancer to collect relative data by Qualitative Research and in-depth interviews. According to the result of research, we found the decision of surgeon surgical approach is the most direct impact factor on body image for breast cancer patients；After treatment ended, we can found some ways allow suffering to sublimate and creates other meanings and value for breast cancer patients, thinking better is powerful force and have positive effect on body image.About social supports, family, friends, workplace and patients organizations religious, are important source of patients support.There is another discovery, experience and personal interaction between morbidity and body image for patients interpersonal choices, influence each other. For young, unmarried breast cancer patients, the face a double dilemma, in the absence of a partner, the next interaction with the family of origin due to the interaction between the various family intimacy and alienation, received variety resources. Through this study, many women can hope in the future to take in the prevention and diagnosis of the disease on the positive as the active discuss the treatment plan with the physician, and open mind to out of the house, and possible continue to work. In addition, remind the love of friends and care for patients should continue and maintain flexibility; medical social worker part, it is recommended that according to the characteristics of the new patients and media services appropriate patients, and the other for group work on families of patients Finally, hope have a specially sexual methods on explanation of the health care for the disease and hospital patients organization should improve the working mechanism to provide assistance and substantial positive affirmation.