社區保健志工充能程度、組織承諾以及服務工作績效評估量表之編製及其應用之先驅性研究
Abstract
本研究之主要目的在於探討參與保命防跌計畫之社區保健志工，於計畫執行間之充能程度、組織承諾以及服務工作績效間的關係，並藉此發展適合施測於社區保健志工的服務概況量表，以作為日後相關研究及相關志工訓練政策之參考。
本研究的研究對象為屏東縣某社區健康營造中心參與「老年人跌倒防制多重介入模式之發展與推廣」計畫的社區保健志工，共計25人。利用本研究所發展的量表以及質性訪談大綱，採質量並重的訪談方式，進行資料收集。取得的資料以平均數、標準差、百分比、魏可遜二樣本考驗（Wilcoxon two-sample test）中的曼-惠特尼U考驗（Mann-Whitney U test）、克-瓦單因子等級變異數分析（Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks）以及斯皮爾曼等級相關（Spearman's Rank Correlation）等方法進行分析。
本研究的主要發現為：
一、社區保健志工充能程度、組織承諾以及服務工作績效評估量表之信度、建
構效度皆屬良好。
二、本研究結果發現性別、教育程度、婚姻狀況以及過去擔任志工的經驗皆不
會影響研究對象之充能程度、組織承諾以及服務工作績效。
三、研究對象之組織承諾在價值、努力以及留任承諾方面均在中高程度；而在
充能程度方面，總得分均在同意以上，顯示出研究對象之充能程度很高。
四、在服務工作績效方面，研究對象之投入程度在中等以上；且對此服務工作
之滿意度相當高。
五、研究對象之充能程度與價值、留任承諾呈現顯著正相關，顯示研究對象的
充能程度愈高，其價值、留任承諾愈高。
六、研究對象參與服務工作的時數與項目愈多，其認知充能愈高、價值、努力
承諾的得分愈高。
本研究所發展之量表可應用於社區保健志工充能程度、組織承諾以及服務工作績效之探討，並且建議在日後進行社區健康營造計畫的推展時，應重視志工的訓練，以降低志工的流失率並且提高服務工作績效。
The propose of this study is to analyze the relationships of empowerment, organizational commitment, and work performance of community health volunteers participating in fall prevention program, and to develop an achievement scale for community health volunteers. There are 25 subjects in the pilot study. They are community health volunteers participating in development and implementation of multi-intervention model of fall prevention for community-dwelling elders. The data in the study is collected by the scale and qualitative interview, and analyzed by Wilcoxon two-sample test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's Rank Correlation. The results of this study are as follows: 1.The reliability and constructed validity of the scale is acceptaable. 2.The empowerment level, organizational commitment, and work performance of the subjects are not influenced by sex, education degrees, and previous serving experiences. 3.The empowerment and organizational commitment levels of the subjects are above the average. 4.In the work performance, the involvement levels and the satisfaction is better than average. 5.The relationships among empowerment levels, value commitment, and retention commitment are positive correlation. 6.The more work the subjects involved, the higher scores they gained in empowerment, value commitments, and effort commitments. The scale developing in the study is suitable for investigating empowerment degree, organizational commitments, and work performance of community health volunteers. Suggestions for proceeding plan of community health building is to train the volunteers to diminish turnover intentions and to enhance work performance of them.
The propose of this study is to analyze the relationships of empowerment, organizational commitment, and work performance of community health volunteers participating in fall prevention program, and to develop an achievement scale for community health volunteers. There are 25 subjects in the pilot study. They are community health volunteers participating in development and implementation of multi-intervention model of fall prevention for community-dwelling elders. The data in the study is collected by the scale and qualitative interview, and analyzed by Wilcoxon two-sample test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's Rank Correlation. The results of this study are as follows: 1.The reliability and constructed validity of the scale is acceptaable. 2.The empowerment level, organizational commitment, and work performance of the subjects are not influenced by sex, education degrees, and previous serving experiences. 3.The empowerment and organizational commitment levels of the subjects are above the average. 4.In the work performance, the involvement levels and the satisfaction is better than average. 5.The relationships among empowerment levels, value commitment, and retention commitment are positive correlation. 6.The more work the subjects involved, the higher scores they gained in empowerment, value commitments, and effort commitments. The scale developing in the study is suitable for investigating empowerment degree, organizational commitments, and work performance of community health volunteers. Suggestions for proceeding plan of community health building is to train the volunteers to diminish turnover intentions and to enhance work performance of them.
Description
Keywords
社區保健志工, 充能, 組織承諾, 服務工作績效, 量表編製, community health volunteer, empowerment, organizational commitment, work performance, scale development