以拉曼光譜技術鑑定東方繪畫顏料的實際與應用

Abstract

本研究以拉曼散射光譜儀分析顏料的拉曼指紋圖譜，做為標準參考物質顏料，建立鑑定維護或修復畫作時所需的標準拉曼光譜圖。再使用本實驗室開發的LabVIEW程式擷取背景螢光的功能，擷取螢光背景光譜圖分析，另一方面也使用表面增強拉曼散射技術，藉著增強拉曼訊號並降低螢光背景的方法，解決螢光干擾的問題。利用上述方法技術，以螢光光譜區分方解末及胡粉兩種碳酸鈣顏料和辰砂及鉛丹兩種無機顏料；而LabVIEW程式無法解決的背景螢光問題，以表面增強拉曼散射技術，增強拉曼訊號並解決螢光干擾的問題，藉著添加奈米銀及使用拉曼光譜儀分析，解決紅色有機顏料強烈的背景螢光問題。本研究分析顏料標準品的拉曼光譜圖，實際將表面增強拉曼散射技術應用於東方畫作未知樣品上，成功降低拉曼光譜中的螢光干擾，並與顏料之標準拉曼光譜比較，分析出未知樣品1中之成分顏料為鉛丹，未知樣品2中之成分顏料為鉛丹和鉛白，透過分析未知樣品的例子，證明本研究方法能成功應用於東方畫作顏料的鑑定上。In this work, various color of pigments were selected, including inorganic and organic pigments, as standard reference material. These pigments were analyzed by Raman scattering spectrometer to establish the reference spectra for identification and restoration of paintings.Using the LabVIEW program to retrieve the Raman and fluorescence spectrum separately. On the other hand, utilizing the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to enhance the Raman signal and reduce the fluorescence background to solve the problem on fluorescent interference.By the LabVIEW program, distinguishing two of the calcium carbonate pigments and two of the red inorganic pigments. When fluorescence background couldn’t be solved with the LabVIEW program, the SERS was used for the identification of red organic pigments.Analyzing the fingerprint spectrum of the Raman spectroscopy to apply on the unknown samples of oriental paintings which used SERS to reduce the fluorescence interference. The results of unknown 1 and 2 have successfully confirmed. The composition of unknown 1 is red lead, and unknown 2 is red lead and white lead. Successfully proved that this work has been applied for the identification of oriental painting pigments.