高中職生公民投票及政治態度之研究— 以國立旗美高中為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討高中職生公民投票知識及政治態度之現況，以及其在不同個人背景變項（性別、年級、科別、班級幹部的經驗、媒體接觸頻率、家庭社經地位與家庭一年所得）在公民投票知識及政治態度的差異情形。 本研究係以105學年度國立旗美高中之高中職生為研究對象。以「高中職生公民投票及政治態度調查問卷」為研究工具，問卷採以專人致送的方式共發出721份問卷，回收有效實際樣本為636份。問卷調查所得資料以描述統計、t考驗及變異數分析等統計法加以分析處理。 本研究可歸納出以下結論： 一、高中職生在公民投票知識及政治態度現況均為中上程度。 二、高中職生對公民投票知識現況於「公民參政」為最高，其次是「公投歷程」，最低是「公投法制」。 三、高中職生於政治態度方面在「政治效能感」的得分為最高，其次是「公民責任感」，最低是「政治信任感」。 四、在整體公民投票知識及整體政治態度之表現皆以一年級為最佳。 五、不同背景變項的高中職生對公民投票知識及政治態度各向度，部分有顯著差異存在。 （一）在性別、年級、班級幹部的經驗、媒體接觸頻率、家庭社經地位與家庭一年所得方面並無顯著差異。 （二）就讀普通科高中學生在公民投票知識及政治態度的得分高於就讀職業類科者，達顯著差異。 六、高中職生對整體公民投票知識與政治態度之間並無明顯的關聯。 七、歸納研究結果，提出具體建議，期能持續深耕公民投票之政治與法律智識，使時下高中職生於接受公民與社會教育課程下，能肩負深化台灣民主的使命，亦期俾供政府機關、教育相關單位、高中及大專院校編列政治學習課程內涵及未來相關研究之參考。 關鍵詞：高中職生、公民投票知識、政治態度The purpose of this study was to explore the current situation of high school and vocational school students' referendum knowledge and political attitudes, and discuss the variations based on different personal background variables (gender, grade, curriculum, class cadre experience, media contact frequency, family socioeconomic status and family gross annual income.) The participants in this study were high school and vocational high school students in the academic year 105 from National Chi-Mei High School. A total of 721 questionnaires were distributed to the students by the teachers and 636 valid surveys were collected. The questionnaires were analyzed using statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, t-test and variance analysis. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: (i) The referendum knowledge and political attitudes of current high school and vocational school students were above the average. (ii) With regard to high school and vocational school students’ referendum knowledge, "citizen participation" was the highest, "referendum process" was the second highest, and the lowest was the "referendum act." (iii) Regarding the political attitudes, the "feelings of political efficacy" score among the high school and vocational school students was the highest, the second highest was the "sense of citizen duty" and the "political trust" was the lowest. (iv) In terms of the referendum knowledge and political attitudes discussed in the study, the first grade students performed the best. (v) For high school and vocational high school students with different personal backgrounds, there were some significant differences concerning the referendum knowledge and political attitudes. -a) There were no significant differences in gender, grade, class cadre experience, media contact frequency, family social status and family gross annual income. -b) High school students scored distinctively higher than vocational school students in the part of the referendum knowledge and political attitudes. (vi) For high school and vocational high school students, no significant correlation was found between referendum knowledge and political attitudes. (vii) After summarizing the research results and giving practical recommendations, the author hopes to continually explore referendum knowledge and legal knowledge in more depth, in order to help current high school and vocational school students take the responsibility to strengthen and deepen Taiwan’s democracy after taking the civil and social education courses. In addition, this study hopes to provide a reference for the government,the educational authorities concerned, high schools and universities in developing the curriculum of political education courses or doing relevant research in the future.

Key words: High school students; Vocational school students; Referendum knowledge; political attitude