大專校院教師生活品質與工作-休閒靈活性/滲透性之相關性研究

Abstract

大學教師為教育最後一哩的重要人物，在教學上扮演著重要的角色，除了負責教學工作外，還需要進行學術研究和行政服務，加上逐年上升的師生比，對大學教師帶來偌大的壓力，也因大學教師的工作特性具有獨立性，他們對於時間的分配有較大的掌握權，若是過度注重工作領域，導致角色之間的失衡，可能會對生活品質造成負面影響。過往研究大多探討工作與家庭領域之間的平衡，鮮少探討工作與休閒領域之間的邊界關係，因此，本研究目的為探討大專校院教師生活品質與工作-休閒之靈活性/滲透性的相關性及現況。本研究採問卷調查法，透過便利抽樣方式向大專校院的專任教師發送電子郵件及線上問卷網址供其自填，共獲得495人次的回填問卷，扣除27人次的回填內容有誤，共計有效填答問卷為468份。以SPSS 25.0 進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析、多元線性迴歸分析來處理和分析資料。研究結果顯示，大學教師的疆界強度較弱，傾向整合工作與休閒，屬於整合者。在工作方面，能夠掌握工作時間、工作地點和專注度等，有助於提升大學教師的生活品質，然而，工作的自主掌握是一把雙面刃，因為大學教師需要在假日從事工作的頻率較高，顯示工作對休閒的滲透程度較高，這導致大學教師的休閒時間減少或變得零散，因此，休閒的自主性顯得格外重要，建議大學教師可藉由提高休閒的時間比重藉以提升生活品質。University teachers play an important role in teaching, and in addition to teaching, they also need to conduct academic research and administrative services. If they focus too much on the work domain, the imbalance between their roles may have a negative impact on their quality of life. Most previous studies have examined the balance between the work and family domains, and rarely have they examined the boundary relationship between the work and leisure domains. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to exploreing the relationship between work and leisure flexibility/permeability and quality of life for the university teacher. A total of 495 responses were received; however, 27 of them were excluded due to errors in the completed content, resulting in a total of 468 valid questionnaire responses. The data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 25.0 for descriptive statistics, independent sample t-testing, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study showed that university teachers have a weak boundary strength and tend to integrate work and leisure, and are integrators. However, the autonomy of work is a double-edged sword, because university teachers need to work more frequently during the weekend, which indicates a higher degree of work penetration into leisure, which leads to the reduction or fragmentation of university teachers' leisure time, therefore, the autonomy of leisure is particularly important. Increasing the proportion of time spent on leisure and the frequency of participation will have a positive impact on the quality of life.