高中生「親生命性」與「恐生命性」之探討—以中崙高中養蜂特色課程為例

Abstract

蜂類是生態系統中扮演非常重要的角色，牠們維持了生態系的平衡、讓植物可以順利繁衍下一代，也影響了人類糧食作物生產、經濟及政策，在當今社會中佔有一席之地。然而現今部分大眾對於昆蟲缺乏認知及抱有負面的觀感，也對於蜜蜂感到恐懼。因此本研究欲探討透過「養蜂特色課程」，高中生對於蜜蜂親生命性及恐生命性之影響，透過量化調查參與此課程之學生及未參與課程的學生親生命性與恐生命性前後測之改變。研究者以文獻探討所得之自然關聯性量表測量親生命性的特質，以節肢動物恐懼量表測量學生恐生命性的變化，另外也透過訪談實驗組同學，深入了解課程前後之改變，也藉以探索實驗組與對照組之間的表現。研究方法採用量化與質化綜合的方式進行分析，用以瞭解參與養蜂特色課程的學生親生命性及恐生命性的改變、未參與養蜂特色課程的學生親生命性及恐生命性的狀況，以及探究學生是否參與養蜂特色課程變項對於親生命性及恐生命性之差異情形。研究結果發現實驗組學生更加認識蜜蜂相關的知識，並更加關切人、蜜蜂與環境之間的關係，以及較不害怕蜜蜂，會更願意接觸牠們。顯示經過一學期養蜂特色課程完整的教學，學生對於蜜蜂的恐懼會逐漸降低，取而代之的是與蜜蜂之間有了更深入的連結，重拾親近自然萬物的天性，也提升學生對於親環境行為的意識。Bees play a significant role in the ecosystem. They maintain the balance of the ecosystem, allowing plants to reproduce successfully for the next generation, and also affect human food crop production, economy, and policy. However, today's public lack of awareness and have negative perception of insects, and are often afraid of bees. Therefore, this study intends to explore the impact of the "Specialized Beekeeping Course" on high school students' biophilia and biophobia of bees. Through the quantitative and qualitative research, we investigate the pre- and post-tests of biophilia and biophobia among students who participated in this course and those who did not participate in the course. The researcher used the Nature Relatedness Scale (NRS) obtained from the literature to measure the characteristics of biophilia, and used the Arthropod Fear Scale to measure the changes of students' bee fear. In addition, we also interviewed the students in the experimental group to gain an in-depth understanding of the changes before and after the course, so as to explore the changes of biophilia and biophobia between the experimental group and the control group. The research method adopts quantitative and qualitative comprehensive analysis to understand the change of biophilia and biophobia of students who participated in the characteristic course of beekeeping, the status of biophiliaand biophobia of students who did not participate in the characteristic course of beekeeping, and to explore the differences between whether students participate in the beekeeping characteristic course variable for biophilia and biophobia. The results of the study found that students in the experimental group had a better understanding of bee-related knowledge, concerned about the relationship between people, bees, the environment, and were less afraid of bees. It shows that after a semester of complete teaching of beekeeping characteristic courses, students' fear of bees will gradually decrease, and instead they will have a deeper connection with bees, regaining the nature of being close to all things in nature, and also improving students' awareness of pro-environmental behaviors consciousness.