遊戲式爬樓梯運動對促進國中資源班學習障礙學生健康體適能之成效

Abstract

身心障礙者比一般人必須具備更佳的體適能才能應付日常生活與身體活動。在校適當的運動計畫能幫助身心障礙者從小培養良好的運動習慣，增進健康和生活品質。本研究旨在探討遊戲式爬樓梯運動對促進國中資源班學習障礙學生健康體適能之成效。研究採單一受試之撤回設計，研究對象為3名年齡在14~15歲的國中學習障礙學生。自變項為遊戲式爬樓梯運動，依變項為體適能測驗的表現（身體組成、心肺適能、肌肉適能和柔軟度）。研究包括基線期、介入期和維持期，共進行12週，每週2次，每節課45分鐘。本研究以教育部102年中小學學生體適能常模對照，並以視覺分析法、C統計進行資料的分析，評估教學介入後之成效，最後以「運動態度量表」填答了解受試者是否改變運動態度，本研究的結果如下：

一、遊戲式爬樓梯運動訓練後能提升國中學習障礙學生在心肺適能、肌肉適能和柔軟度3方面之健康體適能，皆具有不錯的介入效果。 二、遊戲式爬樓梯運動訓練後對國中學習障礙學生在心肺適能、肌肉適能、柔 軟度3方面具有不錯的維持效果。 三、遊戲式爬樓梯運動訓練後對國中學習障礙學生運動態度有正向改變。 根據研究結果，實施遊戲式爬樓梯運動可以幫助國中學習障礙學生提昇健康體適能，是適合國中學習障礙學生的運動項目。建議規劃國中學習障礙學生相關課程時，可以將遊戲式爬樓梯運動列入教學課程之一。未來可以針對學習障礙學生運動體適能(如：敏捷性、協調性)做進一步的探討。

People with disabilities must have better physical fitness to adapt to daily life and activity than average persons. Appropriate programs of exercise in school can help them to develop good habits from childhood ,and promote their health and qualities of life. Through game-based stair climbing activity, the purpose of this study was to investigate the enhancement effectiveness of health-related physical fitness for the resource class students with learning disability in junior high school. The withdrawal design of the single-subject research method is adopted. Three 14-to-15-years-old junior high school students with learning disabilities were selected as the subjects. The independent variable was the game-based stair-climbing activity; the dependent variable, however, was the performance of the physical fitness test results including body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility. The study duration was divided into 3 stages-baseline, intervention, and maintenance phase, which was proceeded for 12 weeks in total with a 45-minute lesson twice a week. To evaluate the effects after the intervention of the instruction, the physical fitness norm of middle and elementary school students published by Ministry of Education in 2013 was adopted as the reference for the test results comparison. Visual Analysis Method, C Statistics, were also applied for the data analysis. A questionnaire of exercise attitude was used to understand the change of the subjects' exercise attitude. The results of this study were as follows：

1. Intervention outcome of junior high school resource class students with learning disability through game-based stairclimbing activity. Game-based stair-climbing activity enhances cardiorespiratory fitness, musclar strength, endurance and flexibility with great intervention outcomes. 2. Maintenance outcome of junior high school resource class students with learning disability through game-based stair-climbing activity. game-based stair-climbing activity enhances cardiorespiratory fitness, musclar strength, endurance and flexibility with great maintenance outcome. 3. Positive attitude change of junior high school resource class students with learning disability through game-based stair-climbing activity.

To conclude, game-based stair climbing activity does not only help to improve health-related physical fitness of students but also become a suitable exercise for junior high school students with learning disabilities. It was expected that this research could help educationalist design the curriculum for junior high students with learning disabilities in the future. Then, it is a suitable exercise program with game-based stair-climbing activity. In the future, the research on the sport-related physical fitness(ex: agility, coordination) of students with learning disabilities is recommended.