鐵騎柔情：臺師大自行車環島活動女性參與者角色衝突之研究

Abstract

以往女性參與運動容易陷入兩難的情境：既想要在運動上有所表現，又害怕因此失去女性特質，導致女性在參與運動時的角色衝突或形成阻礙。本研究欲瞭解女性參與具有挑戰性、需要堅強毅力及冒險犯難等男性特質之自行車環島活動，在參與過程中所面臨之角色衝突情況及其因應之道。爰此，本研究採用「深度訪談」法，以2006年6月27日至7月8日參與並完成臺師大自行車環島活動的女性成員為研究對象，受訪對象包含文、理及教育學院等相關科系，共六人進行深度訪談，透過自編「女性參與者之角色衝突訪談綱要」為研究工具，以瞭解女性參與者之角色期望與扮演、角色衝突及其因應處理之道。研究結果指出：受訪個案進行性別角色扮演時，受到傳統文化價值觀念及社會對女性角色期待之影響，個體具有女性特質，但也兼具部分男性特質，成為中性化個體。僅一位個案外型偏向男性化，導致個體承受壓力與生活不便，而以轉換個人信念、改變外型與逃避壓力的方式因應；在活動參與者角色扮演方面，個體受到安全、經濟、同儕及臺師大精神等社會支持力量，並自我期望能夠實現個人夢想及挑戰目標，進而參與該活動，並積極投入練習而獲得環島機會。但過程中產生兩種角色衝突情境，分別是學生角色與參與者角色衝突、女性角色與參與者之運動形象角色衝突。因應衝突方式則為改變個人信念、角色區隔、逃避壓力及角色標誌等，個體得以繼續扮演參與者角色，直到環島完成而結束該角色扮演。NTNU Bike Activity is considered a challenging, risky, and masculine activity. Hence, the objective of this study was to find if female participants face role conflicts in the activity and how to deal with situation.In-depth interviews were conducted with six female participants by asking their role expectation, role conflicts and the solutions they tried to make. Based on the result of interviews, the study found that the sexual roles of these six female participants, including behavior, manner correspond to social expectation. Only one interviewee suffered from some pressure and inconvenience because of her looks doesn’t correspond to social expectation and chose to change her faith about the concept of gender to escape the outside pressure. When it comes to the role in participating NTNU Bike Activity, these interviewees participated in the activity for they got safety and economy guarantee and emotional support by peers. They challenged their limit with positive attitude during the process. However, two kinds of role conflicts occurred. The first role conflict occurred when she had to play the role of a student and a participant at the same time; this caused the problem in allocation of time and role overloading. The second was between gender and athlete including different role expectation and actual change. The participants tried to deal with the conflicts through transform their faith, separate the roles, escape the outside pressure and mark female characteristic.