交友軟體使用者在溝通階段的自我揭露與自我呈現策略

Abstract

交友軟體成為現今人們用來尋找浪漫伴侶的管道之一，人們在交友軟體中可以隨時隨地與人進行配對，不受時間、地點影響。雙方互相自我揭露，期望與對方從線上轉到線下，並進一步發展戀愛關係。然而，隨著使用者不同的交友目的及策略，交友軟體上發展出各式各樣的自我呈現，讓找尋潛在浪漫伴侶的同時，也充斥著認證這些自我呈現資訊的問題。為了解使用者如何從交友軟體上判斷對方展示的個人資訊真實性，以及進入配對聊天後卻無法與對方有更進一步的發展，抑或是從線上轉換到線下後沒有成為伴侶的原因，本研究透過降低不確定性理論為基礎，將認識陌生人的過程套用到交友軟體上，並以半結構式訪談進行，分析交友軟體使用者在發展關係的三個階段中運用策略。研究結果將交友軟體使用者在個人簡介中的溝通策略分為文字、照片及數位線索三個部份，探討使用者如何利用這三種線索制定策略以找尋潛在浪漫伴侶，其中提到使用者過早透露數位線索，容易使對方提高防備心，進而降低配對率。同時，也探討使用者在溝通階段中遇到的挑戰與難題，透過以圖搜圖或人際關係網路調查，以證實對方給予資訊的正確性。最後，使用者提到對於轉換頻道後所帶來的壓力，使雙方後續關係發展帶來一定程度的影響。結論將依據使用者提出的溝通策略對交友軟體進行配對通知的界面給予設計建議。Dating apps have become one of the primary avenues for individuals seeking romantic partners in contemporary society. Users can engage in matchmaking anytime and anywhere without being constrained by time or location. Mutual self-disclosure is common as individuals aim to transition from online interaction to offline meetings with the expectation of further developing romantic relationships. However, due to varying user intentions and strategies, dating apps witness diverse forms of self-presentation, leading to challenges in authenticating these self-presented profiles. To understand how users assess the authenticity of personal information presented by others on dating apps and why some fail to progress beyond initial chat matches or fail to convert online connections into offline partnerships, this study employs Uncertainty Reduction Theory. Through semi-structured interviews, this research analyzes strategies employed by dating app users across three relationship development stages.The research results categorize the communication strategies of users on dating apps in their personal profiles into three parts: text, photos, and digital cues. It explores how users utilize these three types of cues to formulate strategies for finding potential romantic partners. The study mentions that users who reveal digital cues too early may cause the other party to become more guarded, thereby reducing the matching rate. Additionally, it examines the challenges and difficulties users encounter during the communication phase, using image searches or social network surveys to verify the accuracy of the information provided by the other party. Finally, users express that the pressure brought about by switching communication channels has a certain degree of impact on the subsequent development of their relationship. The conclusion will provide design suggestions for the matching notification interface of dating apps based on the communication strategies proposed by users.