社工員親屬寄養認知與寄養品質指標之研究
Abstract
本研究想要瞭解國內親屬寄養為何一直無法被推展。因此，將從探討社工員對於親屬寄養的認知著手，包含優缺點以及親屬的範圍。此外，也將探究社工員對於親屬寄養的品質指標意向為何，藉此了解非親屬寄養品質指標用在親屬寄養的合適性。本研究以縣市政府兒少保護社工員，及家扶基金會和世界展望會從事寄養業務的社工員為研究對象。採普查方式施以問卷調查，共計發出525份問卷，回收355份，回收率為67.6%，有效問卷為336份。其研究結果簡列如下。另根據研究結果，研究者進而對於社工員在親屬寄養的認知、親屬寄養的品質指標，以及其他方面提出相關建議，期望親屬寄養能夠在未來有良好的推展。
研究結果如下：
1.社工員服務單位大部分支持運用親屬寄養家庭，但實際運用卻沒有相對的普遍。
2.社工員對於親屬寄養大部分的優缺點抱持認同的態度，只有對於少部分的優缺點認知與國外研究有所差異。
3.社工員認為無血緣關係但與兒童有強烈情感關係的人，或是兒童的直系血親也可成為親屬寄養家庭，若有血親關係則以三等親內較佳。
4.社工員認為親屬寄養家庭需有家庭條件限制；要有研習訓練，但其訓練可用不同於現行一般寄養家庭的方法替代；要有寄養許可證，但寄養許可證可於兒童安置後一定期限內取得；要有社工員的督導訪視，其訪視的頻率比照一般寄養的情況辦理；應給予寄養費用；社工員越同意直系血親擔任親屬寄養家庭，對於給付其寄養安置費或其他補助費用的同意度越高。
5.在個案篩選項目上，社工員覺得遭受父母性侵害的兒童不宜安置親屬寄養家庭。但因父母物質濫用，或遭受父母身體虐待的兒童，有過半社工員認為可以安置在親屬寄養家庭。
6.社工員越認同親屬寄養的優點，越認為「研習訓練可用其他替代方式」，也越認為「寄養許可證可於兒童安置後一定期限取得」；社工員對親屬寄養缺點越認同，越認為要有家庭條件限制、研習訓練以及社工的督導訪視，且越傾向不給予親屬寄養安置費。
This research is to find the reason why kinship foster care domestically can't be developed properly and to start with social workers’ cognition of kinship foster care, including the advantage, disadvantage and the range of kinship. Moreover, the quality indicator for social workers to review the kinship foster care will be discussed as well. Thus, the appropriateness of quality indicator applied in nonkinship foster care can be taken into consideration if it is applied in kinship foster care. This research samples are composed of child protective social workers in government section, and social workers from the two institutions: Taiwan Fund for Children and Families, and World Vision of Taiwan. The method of census was used and all options of social workers were collected through questionnaires. There are 525 questionnaires dispatched and 355 copies were returned. The return rate reached 67.6% and valid questionnaires were 336 copies. The result will be listed as the followings. According to the result, some relative suggestions for social workers’ cognition of kinship foster care, quality indicator of kinship foster care and other aspects were raised in order to improve kinship foster care in the future. The Results: 1.The organization that social workers belong highly supports kinship foster care. However, it is not applied appropriately in reality. 2.Social workers identify with most of advantage and disadvantage of kinship foster care and some opinions of theirs for some advantage and disadvantage are different from ones of overseas researches. 3.Social workers think that people of no blood relations but of strong emotional bond to a child can be kinship foster family. The lineal relatives can also become kinship foster family. Blood relations are better within three degrees. 4.The quality indicators for social workers to review the kinship foster care are as the following.（1）Family conditions are required.（2）The training needs to be contained in kinship foster care. Yet the training can be replaced with methods which are different from the ones applied nowadays.（3）Foster care licenses are required but can be obtained in due course after children are settled.（4）Social workers’ supervising and visitation are required and the frequency is the same as foster families.（5）Foster care payments are required.（6）The more social workers agree that lineal relatives become kinship foster family, the more they will agree for payments of foster care and extra subvention to lineal kinship foster family. 5.Social workers think that sexual abuse children by parents are not suitable for kinship foster family. But more than half of social workers think that children of substance abused parents or abused children can be settled in kinship foster family. 6.The more social workers agree with the advantages of kinship foster care, the more they agree that training can be replaced with other methods and foster care license can be obtained in due course after children are settled. The more social workers agree with the disadvantages of kinship foster care, the more they tend to family conditions, training and supervising visitation. Besides, social workers tend to non-payments for kinship foster care.
This research is to find the reason why kinship foster care domestically can't be developed properly and to start with social workers’ cognition of kinship foster care, including the advantage, disadvantage and the range of kinship. Moreover, the quality indicator for social workers to review the kinship foster care will be discussed as well. Thus, the appropriateness of quality indicator applied in nonkinship foster care can be taken into consideration if it is applied in kinship foster care. This research samples are composed of child protective social workers in government section, and social workers from the two institutions: Taiwan Fund for Children and Families, and World Vision of Taiwan. The method of census was used and all options of social workers were collected through questionnaires. There are 525 questionnaires dispatched and 355 copies were returned. The return rate reached 67.6% and valid questionnaires were 336 copies. The result will be listed as the followings. According to the result, some relative suggestions for social workers’ cognition of kinship foster care, quality indicator of kinship foster care and other aspects were raised in order to improve kinship foster care in the future. The Results: 1.The organization that social workers belong highly supports kinship foster care. However, it is not applied appropriately in reality. 2.Social workers identify with most of advantage and disadvantage of kinship foster care and some opinions of theirs for some advantage and disadvantage are different from ones of overseas researches. 3.Social workers think that people of no blood relations but of strong emotional bond to a child can be kinship foster family. The lineal relatives can also become kinship foster family. Blood relations are better within three degrees. 4.The quality indicators for social workers to review the kinship foster care are as the following.（1）Family conditions are required.（2）The training needs to be contained in kinship foster care. Yet the training can be replaced with methods which are different from the ones applied nowadays.（3）Foster care licenses are required but can be obtained in due course after children are settled.（4）Social workers’ supervising and visitation are required and the frequency is the same as foster families.（5）Foster care payments are required.（6）The more social workers agree that lineal relatives become kinship foster family, the more they will agree for payments of foster care and extra subvention to lineal kinship foster family. 5.Social workers think that sexual abuse children by parents are not suitable for kinship foster family. But more than half of social workers think that children of substance abused parents or abused children can be settled in kinship foster family. 6.The more social workers agree with the advantages of kinship foster care, the more they agree that training can be replaced with other methods and foster care license can be obtained in due course after children are settled. The more social workers agree with the disadvantages of kinship foster care, the more they tend to family conditions, training and supervising visitation. Besides, social workers tend to non-payments for kinship foster care.
Description
Keywords
親屬寄養, 寄養家庭, 社工員, kinship foster care, foster family, social worker