探討臺北市樂齡教育參與動機、效益與願付意願之因素

Abstract

在臺灣，政府為了讓退休或即將退休的樂齡族群能迅速適應晚年生活，透過樂齡教育機構，提供多元的學習管道 。樂齡教育屬於自願性的再教育，人們可以自由選擇參與課程的權利，政府也提供課程費用上的補助。但在老年人口逐年增長的情況下，倘若持續提供經費的補助，容易造成政府與下一代的經濟負擔。本研究旨在探討臺北市投入樂齡教育的參與動機、效益與願付意願之因素，選取 5間在臺北市公辦民營樂齡教育機構參與課程之 20位樂齡者，經由半結構式訪談法，了解樂齡族群參與課程之背景動機、效益，以及願意花費的金錢與時間。研究結果得知，樂齡教育的參與主要取決於自身需求與獲得效益，他們會依據「個人時間安排」、「課程參與後的收穫與感受」選擇合適之課程 參與。然而，由於樂齡族群對於價錢較沒有概念，因此願意付出的時間與金錢會依據個人能力及課程價值之主觀感受而定。在鼓勵樂齡族群透過參與課程預防老化、改善健康的同時，建議能從樂齡族群之需求、效益等層面探討，結合過往的生活經驗並在課程中給予適時的回饋，使其有效達成活躍老化之目的。

In Taiwan, the government provides a variety of learning opportunities through senior education institutions, in order to help retired or retiring seniors with the transition into their retired lifestyle. Senior education is a voluntary re-education where people can freely choose the right to participate in various courses with the help of the government who provides subsidies on course fees. However, with a growing elderly population and the large amount of subsidies being provided, there may be a financial burden for the government and the next generation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors of motivations, benefits, and willingness to pay for senior education in Taipei City. By means of convenience sampling, 20 older adults who participated in senior education in five public-to-private senior education institutions in Taipei City were selected. They were then interviewed with the semi-structured interview method to understand their motivation, benefits, and willingness to pay. The results indicate that the participation in senior education depends on their needs and the benefits they received. They will choose the program to participate according to “personal schedule” and “gains and feelings after participating in the program”. As for their willingness to pay, they would purchase programs based their personal competence and the value gained towards the program and not from monetary values. To prevent aging and improve the health of older adults through participation in these programs, it is recommended that the needs and benefits of older adults can be explored and that timely feedback be given in the program in conjunction with past life experiences in order to effectively achieve the goal of active aging.