新竹市某國民中學學生蔬果攝取行為及其相關因素研究

Abstract

本研究目的在了解國中學生蔬果攝取行為現況，並探討個人背景因素、社會心理因素、蔬果攝取知識、環境因素與蔬果攝取行為之間的關係。以新竹市某國中學生為研究對象，於民國101年6月進行正式問卷調查，共得有效樣本382人。所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關以及複迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下： 一、 近三成六的人每天攝取三份蔬菜，近五成五的人每天攝取兩份水果。 二、 七年級、在校學業總成績、自覺健康狀態、家庭社經地位越好，蔬果攝取行為越佳。 三、 蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取可獲性、蔬果攝取可近性與蔬果攝取行為呈現正相關；蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取知覺障礙與蔬果攝取行為呈現負相關。 四、 年級、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取知覺障礙、蔬果攝取可獲性、蔬果攝取可近性，共可解釋蔬果攝取行為總變異量的58.4%，影響力最大的為蔬果攝取自我效能。 最後，根據研究結果，對未來研究與實務工作提出建議。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current vegetable and fruit intake behavior of junior high school students, and to inquire personal background factors, social psychology factors, vegetable and fruit intake knowledge, social environment factors in relationship with vegetable and fruit intake behavior. The subjects are students of a junior high school in Hsinchu City,in June 2011. The instrument of this study is a questionnaire, and the valid samples are 382. T-test, One Way Anova, Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation and Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data. The findings are as follows: 1. About 36% of subjects consume 3 portions of vegetable a day. About 55% of subjects consume 2 portions of fruit a day. 2. Subjects who are 7th grade, have better academic performance, health status and social-economic position of the family are more likely to eat vegetable and fruits. 3. Vegetable and fruit intake behavior was positively correlated with Self-efficacy, Availability and Accessibility, then negatively correlated with Outcome expectancy and Perceived barriers. 4. 58.4% of the variation of vegetable and fruit intake behavior was explained by grade, Self-efficacy, Outcome expectancy, Perceived barriers, Availability and Accessibility. The strongest predictor of vegetable and fruit intake behavior was Self-efficacy. Finally, these results were discussed and applied in the practical experience and future studies.