基隆市國中體育教師兼任教練工作意願之研究

Abstract

體育教師與運動教練在學校的工作環境中，同樣都是指導學生身體活動者，所指導的內容是相似的，但其差異性是相當大的，如專業內容、專業目標、專業評鑑、教授對象、日常生活、課程計畫、指導內容、指導人員等(歐宗明，2007)。體育教師除了擔任教學工作，有時還必須完成學校所要求的職務，如行政工作、導師等，在這些繁雜的各種工作外，還願意兼任學校運動教練，其工作意願為何?本研究主要以深度訪談進行資料的蒐集，以基隆市體育教師兼任教練有八年以上經驗者，而且在訓練成績有良好表現的三位教師作為訪談參與者，並進一步歸納與分析。研究結果發現兼任教練動機部份有以下幾點：一、學校的要求；二、受人之託；三、本身專長；四、對某項運動有興趣；五、己身職務關係。兼任教練的工作意願則是從訓練的狀況、帶隊所面臨的問題、兼任教練的心情三個面向進行分析得知，三位教師兼任教練是屬於高工作意願，但如受到工作壓力的影響，則會降低工作意願。而影響兼任教練意願因素歸納下列幾點：一、個人方面；二、家庭方面；三、學校方面；四、社會方面。學校運動代表隊教練由校內體育教師兼任的現象仍普遍存在校園中，要提高體育教師兼任教練的工作意願，除了克服降低工作意願的因素外，還必須有學校各方面的支持，這樣在學校體育推展方面才能達到永續經營的目標。

Working as coaches at school, P. E teachers are instructors of students’ body activity. Though P. E teachers and coaches share similar teaching content, the depth of it is quite different in professional content, professional goal, professional evaluation, students, daily life, training plan, teaching content and instructors(Ou, T. M., 2007). Besides teaching P. E classes, P. E teachers are sometimes required to take another jobs that schools asked, administrators or homeroom teachers for example. What motivates P. E teachers to take job as part time coaches under such stress? What’s their willingness of taking this job? The data collection of this research is based on the interviews of three Keelung P. E teachers who have been part time coaches for eight years and have performed well in their professional field. The data was analyzed qualitatively. The results show that motivation of the part time coaches are (1) school’s requirement (2) people ask for help (3) P. E teachers’ specialty (4) P. E teachers’ interests (5) job related. Working willingness of part-time coach was analyzed in three aspects: the condition of training, the problems of leading a team and the psychological circumstances of themselves. The three coaches show high willingness at work; however, their willingness will be alleviated if they face pressure. The factors that influence part-timecoaches’ working willingness are summarized as follow(1) personal aspect (2) family aspect (3) school aspect (4) social aspect. P. E teachers being part-time coaches of the school teams is a recent phenomenon. In order to boost P. E teachers’ willingness of being a part-time, schools should support choaches in every way and help coaches overcome the factors that reduce willingness. The goal of promoting Physical Education at school can pervail.