博物館參觀動線研究－以國立故宮博物院展示空間為例

Abstract

本研究以觀眾行為、博物館展示空間、以及影響參觀動線之展示設計因素三者，進行研究參觀動線的影響關係；首先以文獻回顧了解影響參觀動線相關因素，並以個案研究進一步的實施問卷調查及實地觀察記錄，以評估個案展示設計因素引導參觀動線之影響程度。 本研究結果發現研究個案在觀眾參觀中有迷失經驗的觀眾達56.5％；觀眾屬性及特性對參觀動線不具顯著性差異；展示設計元素在迴歸分析中，其影響值高低依序為「展示室與整體配置的關係」、「動線指標的製作與放置位置」、「燈光設計配置」、「文字說明標示位置」；其中「引導視線與展示內容特殊性的配合」，顯示對參觀動線滿意度具負向關係，由此構面問題進行推測，大部份觀眾在參觀時是隨意瀏覽的，此參觀行為也和博物館本身展示空間的安排有關；而「DM（導覽圖）」與「文物藝術品擺放展示方式」對參觀動線滿意度並無顯著性。 本研究主要探討博物館展示空間設計元素相對於參觀動線設計規劃之適切性，希望能提供博物館展示空間策劃者一參考指標，促使設計者與觀眾都可以看到成功而有效的展示活動。This study investigated the influences on visit access design in terms of visitor behavior, museum display space and access-affecting exhibition design through literature review to understand factors affecting visit access design and case study with survey and site observation to assess the influences on the design of visit access in the display spaces of the case. Results indicated that 56.5% of visitors were lost in the visit; the difference between visitor attribute and characteristics and visit access is insignificant; the values of influence in ascending order in the regressive analysis of display design elements are “showroom and floor layout correlations”, “production and placement of access signs”, “lighting design and layout”, and “location of text description”; where the “coordination between guiding vision and special display contents” and visit access satisfaction are negatively correlated. The possible reason for this construct is that most visitors visit a show randomly, though this visitor behavior is correlated with the museum’s spatial arrangement. Also, the influence of “DM” (tour map) and “monument/artwork placement and display manner” on visit access is insignificant. This study primarily investigated the suitability of the design elements of display spaces in museums in terms of visit access design and planning, hoping to provide a reference for display space planners of museums and so to ensure both designers and visitors can enjoy a successful and effective exhibition.