社會工作者服務男性相對人之處遇經驗初探

Abstract

有鑑於我國在婚姻暴力防治體系中除了強制性加害人處遇，仍缺乏有系統的婚暴相對人輔導機制與策略，且國內針對一般性相對人處遇服務的研究論述皆付之闕如。為此，本研究目的欲探討社會工作人員服務男性相對人的處遇經驗，包含本身如何看待男性相對人、如何發展處遇模式和應用理論觀點、以及影響專業關係的發展的要素。 本研究以深度訪談法，共訪談八位社會工作人員。研究發現，社會工作人員的處遇經驗中，可歸納出單一、整合和折衷等三種服務模式，並且以折衷主義的態度多元應用不同的理論觀點。而對於案主形象的轉折歷程，則以三階段歷程尤為鮮明，能以新的視角重新詮釋男性相對人。此外，在關係建立初期和進入信賴關係階段後，專業角色是從支持者逐漸調整為資源連結者和教育者，以及在進入司法程序時再加入控制者角色加以轉換。因此兩者共同建構了具有彈性且流動的助人關係，而非一成不變的非自願性關係。 專業關係中複雜的四角關係，有賴兩造社工擔任溝通橋梁才得以解套。而社會工作人員的性別角色與案主的互動關係亦呈現差異性，惟有善用性別特質的優勢才有助於專業關係的建立。最後，社會工作人員服務男性相對人的過程，的確遭遇不少價值衝擊。因此研究建議社會工作人員應以不批判的視角來認識男性相對人，更應敏感覺察服務過程中專業角色與性別意識的影響，並建制兩造社工溝通的平台、整合相對人服務方案，以建構完整的相對人處遇服務系統。In addition to mandated offender intervention, the marital violence prevention system in Taiwan still lacks systematic strategies and counseling methods for the intervention of marital batterers. Furthermore, in the past domestic studies even failed to focus on the marital batterers’ intervention as a research topic. For the above reason, this study attempts to explore intervention experience between social workers and male marital batterers. This qualitative study is based on in-depth interview with eight social workers. The findings showed that intervention experience can be summarized by three social workers’ service model, including Singe service model, Integrated service model and Compromised service model. As well as, the most social workers tends to choose Eclecticism and apply multiple theoretical perspectives in practice. This study also explains the Transformation process of the image a social worker plays for male batterers at different stages of engagement. We introduce a three-stage model that brings new perspective to the social worker-batterer interaction. In the Early stage, a social worker mainly maintains a helping relationship with the batterer, until they enter a relationship of trust stage. Within this process, the roles played by social workers will be adjusted gradually from supporters to brokers and educators. However, when clients goes into the judicial process, the social worker will be converted into the role of the controller. Therefore, social workers and male batterers typically establish a flexible and dynamic helping relationship with mutual agreement together, rather than a rigid, unchangeable involuntary relationship. In marital violence cases, the relationship between the four parties involved(male batterer, battered woman, and the social workers of both sides) is quite complex, and it depends on two sides of social workers serving as a bridge to create some sort of relief. And gender roles of social workers in the interactive relationship of the client's also showed differences, excepted for social worker making good use of the advantages of gender characteristics, it will contribute to the establishment of the professional relationship. Finally, in the process of social workers working with male batterers, they truly encountered a lot of value impact. It is suggested that social workers should NOT be based on a critical perspective to judge the male batterers. Instead, social workers should be more aware of the impact of the professional role and gender awareness in the service process. We also suggest that a platform should be established to facilitate the communication between social workers, even integrated with the batterers’ service programs, in order to construct completely for the batterers’ intervention of the service system.