高中生自行車環台對幸福感及自我效能之影響

Abstract

美國心理學學會主席Seligman（2002）提出正向心理學的主題，引領心理科學朝向追求幸福的正向研究領域，其中自我效能亦為研究的要項之一。運動能增進個體的幸福感與自我效能，自行車環台活動在政府及民間團體的推波助瀾下已成為目前國內最為風行的活動之一。本研究旨在探討參與自行車環台對高中生幸福感及自我效能造成的影響，並以新北市某私立高中學生215人為對象，以「高中生幸福感問卷」及「中學生自我效能問卷」為工具，在活動實施前後，採問卷填答方式進行測量，運用平均數、標準差、變異數分析比較幸福感及自我效能的差異，透過典型相關分析瞭解幸福感與自我效能的相關情形。研究結果如下：1.高中男生幸福感顯著高於高中女生。2.高中學生學業成績高分組與低分組間幸福感雖有差異，但並不顯著。3.體適能高分組幸福感程度顯著高於體適能低分組。4.高中男生自我效能顯著高於高中女生。5.學業成績高分組在學業表現自我效能顯著高於學業成績低分組。6.體適能高者自我效能表現顯著高於體適能低者。7.高中生完成環台自行車活動後，幸福感增進程度達顯著水準。8.高中生完成環台自行車活動後，人際關係自我效能增進程度達顯著水準。9.高中生自我效能與幸福感間存在顯著中度相關。結論：高中生的幸福感與自我效能彼此交互影響，且在不同性別、學業表現及體能表現的差異下，呈現不同的幸福感與自我效能結果，而參與自行車環台活動能增進高中生的幸福感與自我效能。

Dr. Seligman, president of the American Psychological Association in 2002, proposed a topic of positive psychology which is one of the leading authority of pursuing well-being in the positive research fields of Psychological Science. One of his important researches is self-efficacy. Well-being and self-efficacy of individual can be improved by exercise. “Cycling around Taiwan” has been promoted by the government and society which is becoming one of the popular activities in Taiwan. This research is intended to investigate the effect of “Cycling around Taiwan” on the well-being and self-efficacy for senior high school students. The research used a questionnaire entitled “The Questionnaire for Well-Being Perception” and “Adolescent Self-Efficacy Scale”. The subjects of survey were 215 senior high school students in New Taipei City. The same survey has been made before and after participating "Cycling around Taiwan" activity for analyzing the difference by using average, standard deviation as well as T-Test methods. The relationship among well-being and self-efficacy of the survey were analyzed by using the canonical correlation analysis as well. The results indicate as follow：1. The well-being of senior high school boys appears to be significantly higher than girls. 2. There is difference of well-being in between the group of high academic achievement and the group of lower academic achievement but not significant. 3. The well-being in the group of high fitness performance were significantly higher than the well-being in the group of low fitness performance. 4. The senior high school boys’ self-efficacy were significantly higherthan girls’. 5. The academic performance in the group of high academic achievement appears to be significantly higher than the group of lower academic achievement. 6. The self-efficacy in the group of high fitness performance appears higher than the group of low fitness performance significantly. 7. After the completion of “Cycling around Taiwan” activity, the degree of self-efficacy was improved significantly. 8. After the completion of “Cycling around Taiwan” activity, the degree of well-being was improved significantly. 9. The self-efficacy and well-being of senior high school students are closely related. In conclusion, the well-being and self-efficacy of Senior High School students are mutually influencing each other. They perform different results according to their gender, academic performance and physical strengths. The senior high students could promote their sensation of well-being and self-efficacy by participating in “Cycling around Taiwan” activities.