「迷妹」? SBL女性球迷觀賞方式之研究

Abstract

本研究的目的在從去本質化和性別解構的角度，探究女性球迷觀賞超級籃球聯賽(SBL)的行為、比較女性球迷和男性球迷的看球差異，以及「迷妹」論述被建構的脈絡。本研究使用田野觀察法、深度訪談法、以及文本分析。在SBL場域，觀察現場男女球迷的觀看方式；在臺灣籃球相關的網路論域，收集並詮釋相關論述的文本；並且在現場、網路上、及自己的人際網絡中找尋女性受訪者，最後將訪談結果與迷妹論述文本，以及筆者自身的籃球實作經驗做一個互相參照、對話。研究結果發現，媒體、家庭和同儕是女性進入SBL場域的運動社會化媒介。由於在父權結構下的運動實作經驗不足，影響了女性球迷看球的方式，使得她們在觀看初期，將球員當作情感投射的對象，以類似追星族的方式來觀看，並非關注職業運動強調的技術本位。但隨著看球經驗的累積，女性觀看球賽的重點與男性漸趨一致，但原有的情感投射並不會消失，而是減弱。相較於男性對NBA的喜愛，女性不喜歡看NBA的原因，包括對NBA球員的辨識度不夠、沒有參與感與臨場感等因素。研究也發現，「迷妹」的論述是在男性對SBL的厭惡，以及性別歧視兩條脈絡之下，漸漸成為一種社會的真實。在「迷妹」表象的背後，糾結著男性霸權、認同、籃球認同、運動全球化、休閒、凝視等概念。The purpose of this study is to explore the watching behavior of SBL female fans, the difference between female and male fans, and the context of Mi-Mei” discourse through the points of view “de-essential and deconstruction”. The Field Research, In-depth Interview, and Textual Analysis are adopted in the study. The writer also enters the SBL gyms to observe the watching ways of male and female fans. Next, he tries to collect and interpret the text of discourses related to basketball on the Internet, and looks for the female interviewees from the games, the Internet, and his interpersonal network. Finally, he makes a comparison with the interview result, the “Mi-Mei” text and his own experience of playing basketball. The results show that the mass media, family and peers are the three important factors to make female fans enter the SBL and join in the sports socialization . However, because of their lack of exercising experience under the patriarchal structure, female fans have a different way of watching SBL . When they watch basketball games, they will project their affection to the ball players initially. They worship their favorite basketball players as groupies do. And they completely ignore the skill levels which professional sports emphasize on. With the accumulating experience of watching games, the way that female fans watch the basketball games is close to that of the male fans, but the original emotional projection does not disappear. This projection just weakens . Furthermore, compared to men’s love of NBA, female fans don’t like to watch NBA. The reasons are that they can’t recognize the NBA players well, and they lack of the sense of participation and presence to NBA. This study also finds out “Mi-Mei” discourse gradually becomes a social reality under the two contexts -- the male’s aversion to SBL and the gender discrimination. Behind the symbol of “Mi-Mei”, there are some tangled concepts about male hegemony, identity, identity of basketball, sports globalization, leisure, gaze and so on.