下坡跑與離心阻力運動對脂締素及脈波傳導速率之影響

Abstract

背景: 近年來心血管疾病的問題與日俱增，脈波傳導速率 (pulse wave velocity, PWV) 及脂締素 (adiponectin) 皆是臨床上用以預測心臟血管疾病的指標，同時脂締素於人體中具有抗發炎及減緩動脈粥狀硬化等作用，然而離心運動所誘發之發炎反應是否會改變脂締素濃度並且影響脈波傳導速率，以及脂締素與 PWV 的關係仍需進一步釐清。目的：探討單次下坡跑與離心阻力運動對脂締素及PWV的影響，以及了解脂締素與 PWV 之相關。方法：招募18名自願參與的健康男性為研究對象，並隨機分派至下坡跑組(EE組；n=9)與離心阻力運動組(RE組；n=9)，正式實驗前EE組需在跑步機上進行攝氧峰值 (VO2peak) 測驗；RE組則在斜式腿部推舉機接受下肢最大肌肉力量 (1RM) 測驗。接著讓EE組在跑步機上以75% VO2peak的強度進行一次30分鐘的下坡跑 (-10°) ；RE組則在斜式腿部推舉機上以120% 1RM 強度進行離心阻力運動(每組反覆次數6次，共計10組)。兩組別在運動前、運動後90分鐘、24及48小時檢測 PWV 與血清脂締素、肌酸激酶 (Creatine kinese, CK) 及C反應蛋白 (C-reactive protein, CRP) 濃度。結果：下坡跑與離心阻力運動組之平均CK值於運動後各時間點均顯著高於運動前 (p＜.05)，同時，平均PWV也於運動後24 (5.47 ± 0.59 m/s) 及48 (5.44 ± 0.68 m/s) 小時顯著高於運動前 (5.18 ± 0.47 m/s) (p＜.05)，但脂締素及CRP 濃度皆無顯著改變 (p＞.05)；而 PWV 與脂締素濃度變化量在運動後90分鐘呈顯著負相關 (r= -.501) (p＜.05)。兩組別在所有依變項上，於不同時間點均無顯著差異 (p＞.05)。結論: 單次下坡跑與離心阻力運動皆會引發肌肉損傷及動脈硬化指標─脈波傳導速率的顯著提升，但不會造成脂締素濃度的改變；因此從事下坡跑與離心阻力運動將可能導致短暫性中心動脈的發炎，而其途徑或許與脂締素無直接關係。

Background: with the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease in modern society, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and adiponectin are both predictive markers for cardiovascular diseases in clinical settings. Adiponectin has been found vessel- protective that could exert anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorate atherosclerosis. However, it is still unknown whether inflammatory responses induced by eccentric exercise would interact with adiponectin as well as PWV. Purpose: to determine the effects of muscle damage induced by acute downhill running and eccentric resistance exercise on adiponectin and PWV as well as the relationship between adiponectin and PWV. Methods: eighteen apparent healthy males were recruited to participate this study. Participants were randomly assigned into downhill running (EE, n=9) and eccentric resistance exercise (RE, n=9) groups. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak= 50.5 ± 7.6 ml/kg/min) of EE and one prepetition maximum of inclined leg press (1RM= 222.4 ± 55.2 kg) were determined prior to experiment. EE group performed 30 minutes of the downhill running at -10° of slope that could elicit 75% of individual VO2peak whereas RE group performed 120% 1RM eccentric contractions for 6 reps × 10 sets. PWV, serum adiponectin, creatine kinese (CK), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured pre-exercise, 90 minutes, 24 and 48 hours post-exercise. Results: CK of EE and RE group were significantly higher than the pre-exercise (p＜.05); PWV of two groups were also significantly higher on 24 (5.47 ± 0.59 m/s) and 48 hours post-exercise (5.44 ± 0.68 m/s) as compared to pre-exercise (5.18 ± 0.47 m/s) (p＜.05) respectively. Compared with pre-exercise, adiponectin and CRP were no altered after performing eccentric exercise (p＞.05). However, PWV was negative correlated with adiponectin on 24 hours post-exercise (r= -.501) (p＜.05). There were no significant differences among groups in all dependent variables (p＞.05). Conclusion: muscle damage induced by an acute bout of downhill running and eccentric resistance exercise both increased PWV, but did not altered adiponectin response. This transient aortic arterial inflammatory may not directly relate to adiponectin.