養生宅住老人休閒參與和生活品質關係之研究---以潤福生活新象為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討選擇「潤福生活新象」作為退休後居住方式的老人其休閒參頻率與生活品質之關係。以目前居住於「潤福生活新象」年齡65歲以上的老人為研究對象，進行問卷調查，所得數據經多變量變異數分析、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後考驗與皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法進行資料分析，得到以下結果： 一、老人休閒活動參與頻率偏低，以「視聽觀賞類」活動的參與頻率最高，而「進修學習類」活動的參與頻率最低。不同性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況與自覺健康狀況的老人在休閒參與頻率具有顯著差異。 二、老人整體生活品質平均數為56.83分，各題平均數皆在3分以上，顯示老人對生活品質有「中等以上滿意」的程度。以「環境」範疇得分最高，其次為「社會關係」範疇、「心理」範疇，而「生理健康」範疇之得分最低。不同教育程度、婚姻狀況與自覺健康狀況的老人在生活品質具有顯著差異。 三、休閒參與總量較高的老人其生活品質也較好，兩者之間存在顯著正相關；各類型參與頻率方面，除了「視聽觀賞類」活動之外，「個人嗜好類」、「社交類」、「運動健身類」、「進修學習類」與「宗教類」活動的參與頻率和生活品質之間皆存在顯著正相關，參與頻率較高者其生活品質也較好。 根據研究結果，本研究建議「潤福生活新象」館方規劃多元並符合老人體能負荷與學習興趣的活動，以提升休閒總參與量和學習類型活動的參與頻率，並鼓勵「個人嗜好類」、「社交類」、「運動健身類」、「進修學習類」與「宗教類」休閒活動的參與，以提升老人的生活品質。

The purpose of the study was to determine if there exists a significant relationship between leisure participation and quality of life for elders in the retirement housing. One hundred and eighty elders live in Ruen-Fu New Life were interviewed. The questionnaire was designed to collect data of leisure participation, quality of life and personal information. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, MANOVA, and Pearson Monument Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The total amount of leisure activities participation for elders was low. The frequency of participation in audio-video activities was the highest and in learning activities was the lowest. The leisure participation were significant different from elders who had different gender, age, educational level, marital and health status. 2. Most elders reported that the level of quality of life is over the average. The score of environment domain was the highest and the score of physical health domain was the lowest. The quality of life were significant different from elders who had different educational level, marital and health status. 3. The results showed that there exists a significantly positive relationship between amount of leisure participation and quality of life. Hopefully the results can help improve the quality of leisure programming, facility planning, leisure education and leisure counseling of elder for Ruen-Fu New Life in the future.