高齡者應用戲劇參與對自我統整的影響-以笑瞇瞇懸絲偶劇團為例

Abstract

本研究採質性研究，旨在探討高齡者應用戲劇參與對自我統整的影響，以深度訪談方式，訪問10位笑瞇瞇懸絲偶劇團團員，包含男性2位，女性8位。透過訪談暸解應用戲劇參與對高齡者的影響，以及應用戲劇參與在高齡者自我統整過程中所扮演的角色。綜整歸納研究結果，在高齡者應用戲劇參與對生理、心理及社會的影響包含保持靈活度並學習新技能、老年生活能有歸屬感並實現自我，及獲得友伴支持。而自我統整方面，應用戲劇參與所扮演的角色在自我分化和原工作角色轉變中，包括能夠銜接退休生活、貢獻專長並延續服務奉獻的精神；在身體超越和身體關注中發現，轉移因生理退化所產生的不適感，並將注意力放在快樂的事情上；在自我超越和自我關注中領悟，生死是注定好的道理，惟對下一代的操煩卻永遠放不下。在高齡者生理及社會方面，建議未來可增設肢體活動課，並增加社區間高齡者的互動；而戲劇在自我統整方面，則可透過活動讓劇團成員發揮一己之長，並學習活在當下、練習正向看待生命中的負面事件。此外，每位高齡者都有自己的生命故事，未來也可用個案研究的方式，做進一步的探究。

This study aims to explore the effect of applied drama participation on senior’s self-integration. In-depth interviews were conducted to interview 10 members of Smiling Marionettes Troupe, including 2 males and 8 females. Through the interview to explore the impact of participation in the puppetry art on the members, and to figure out how is the role of the troupe could play in the process of ego-integrity. The research results revealed that the members can be benefited by the drama participation in the physical, psychological and social aspects, such as maintaining flexibility and learning new skills, enhacing the sense of belonging and self-actualization, and receiving support from friends. As the role of the applied drama of the ego-integrity, the sinors did the task of ego differentiation and work-role preoccupation by transforming their retirement life successfully, and contributing their effort to the society continuously. As the perspective of body transcendence and body preoccupation, the members can concentrate on the happiness of drama participation instead of focus on the physical discomfort. Based on the domain of ego transcendence and ego preoccupation, the members showed the acceptance that life and death are pre-determined, but the worries to the next generation will never end. It is suggested that older adoults can attend the rhythm movement training to enhance their physical functioning, and increase the interaction with peers in the community program. As the perspective of ego integrity, drama activities is an appropriate approach for the older adult to exploid their adventages and to look at the negative event positively. For the future study, it is recommended to use the case study to further explore single senior’s life story specifically.