運動對第二型糖尿病誘發認知失能的影響
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Date
2013-12-01
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臺灣運動生理暨體能學會
Abstract
研究背景：研究顯示前期糖尿病與第二型糖尿病與認知退化有高度相關。目的：本文旨在討論：一、糖尿病與認知失能之可能關聯；二、運動對此類患者認知功能的影響；三、提出運動改善糖尿病誘發認知失能的可能機轉。結語：經文獻探討後總結：一、文獻指出阿茲海默症與糖尿病在認知退化上有共同的病徵。前期糖尿病或第二型糖尿病的三個主要危險因子如高血糖、高糖化血色素及胰島素阻抗是造成認知失能的主因；二、在適當的運動介入下，運動可改善中老年患者的執行功能；三、運動可能透過減緩大腦結構萎縮、改善腦阻塞或腦血管病變及降低大腦澱粉樣蛋白堆積和tau蛋白磷酸化等機轉來減輕患者認知失能的情形。然而，運動對女性患者認知退化的改善效益以及運動改善患者認知失能的詳細機轉仍需更多的實證性研究來支持。
Background: Pre-diabetes or Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a prevalent epidemic in modern world and recently appears to have high correlation with cognitive dysfunction. Purpose: This article was aimed to review: (1) the possible association between pre-diabetes or T2D and cognitive dysfunction; (2) the effect of exercise on cognitive function in pre-diabetes or T2D; and (3) the possible mechanism that exercise attenuates cognitive dysfunction in individuals with pre-diabetes or T2D. Summary: Summaries concluded in this article were: (1) literatures had proposed the common pathological process in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and T2D. Three typical T2D risk factors, hyperglycemia, high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and insulin resistance, account for the formation of cognitive impairment in this population; (2) with proper and valid prescription, exercise may elicit its beneficial effects on executive function among middle-aged and elder individuals with glucose intolerance or T2D; and (3) exercise may ameliorate the extent of cognitive dysfunction possibly by attenuated brain atrophy, ameliorated cerebral infarctions or cerebrovascular disease, and reduced Aβ deposition and tau protein phosphorylation. Nonetheless, the effect of exercise to attenuate cognitive decline in diabetic women, and the underlying mechanism that exercise ameliorates diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction should be warranted by further investigations.
Background: Pre-diabetes or Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a prevalent epidemic in modern world and recently appears to have high correlation with cognitive dysfunction. Purpose: This article was aimed to review: (1) the possible association between pre-diabetes or T2D and cognitive dysfunction; (2) the effect of exercise on cognitive function in pre-diabetes or T2D; and (3) the possible mechanism that exercise attenuates cognitive dysfunction in individuals with pre-diabetes or T2D. Summary: Summaries concluded in this article were: (1) literatures had proposed the common pathological process in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and T2D. Three typical T2D risk factors, hyperglycemia, high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and insulin resistance, account for the formation of cognitive impairment in this population; (2) with proper and valid prescription, exercise may elicit its beneficial effects on executive function among middle-aged and elder individuals with glucose intolerance or T2D; and (3) exercise may ameliorate the extent of cognitive dysfunction possibly by attenuated brain atrophy, ameliorated cerebral infarctions or cerebrovascular disease, and reduced Aβ deposition and tau protein phosphorylation. Nonetheless, the effect of exercise to attenuate cognitive decline in diabetic women, and the underlying mechanism that exercise ameliorates diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction should be warranted by further investigations.