運動經驗對成人晚期生涯發展影響之研究

Abstract

自從2018年邁入高齡社會後，高齡人口迅速上升，預計2026將邁入超高齡化社會，人口結構的快速老化且勞動市場人力不足的情況下，讓政府政策開始注重高齡人力應用。隨著健康意識提升加上長照政策支持，高齡運動指導需求增加，但在市場供不應求的狀況下，高齡人力應用便成為一大助益。然而運動指導員所需的專業並非一日所成，因此本研究針對擁有運動經驗之高齡者作為研究參與者，並探討運動經驗對其晚期的生涯發展有無影響。研究目的：旨在瞭解研究參與者之運動經驗以及對其晚期生涯發展之影響。研究方法：透過質性研究中的深度訪談取得研究參與者對於運動經驗與生涯發展的故事敘說，並利用主題分析針對6名研究參與者之運動經驗進行解析，試圖了解運動經驗對其生涯發展的影響為何。結論：一、研究參與者的運動經驗展現了其多樣性以及不確定性，並且隨著生涯階段的不同獲得不同體悟。二、六位研究參與者現階段發展之生涯角色以休閒者、退休者以及工作者為主。三、運動經驗間接使研究參與者獲得「正向的心態」及「充實的生活」，讓晚期生涯發展得以如此豐富。建議：一、教育主管機關應確保學生運動的權益且增加運動教育之廣度。二、企業應設立員工社群，支持員工維持興趣。三、未來研究可以針對不同主題討論晚期生涯發展，也可以針對特定族群或是性別做討論，必定有不一樣的收穫。Taiwan has become an aging society since 2018 with the dramatic growth in the aging population. Because of the increasing old population and the labor shortage, the government began to focus on the application of senior human resources. Additionally, with the increase of health awareness and the support of long-term care policy, the application of senior workers has become more important. However, the domain knowledge required for sports instructors is not that simple. The purpose of this study is to understand the exercise experience of the participants and the impact on their career development. This study used interviews to collect various stories of exercise experience and career development from six different interviewees. Afterward, a thematic analysis was used to analyze the experience of exercise. The results indicate that the sports experiences of the interviewees showed their diversities and uncertainties, that all of them have gained different inspirations from “exercise s” during different life stages. Secondly, all of the six participants are in the late stage of adulthood and focus on their career roles as leisure persons, retirees, and workers. Finally, the influence of exercise experience is that it helps many of them to have a “positive attitude” through life and to have a relatively “full life”.