自我控制回饋對動作表現、學習及錯誤估計的效應

Abstract

本研究探討自主決定的自我控制回饋訊息，對空間性位移動作表現、學習與錯誤估計的影響。實驗參與者為30名成人（男性16位，女性14位），隨機分派到自我控制回饋組、非自我控制相對頻率對照組或控制組，獲得期進行80次試作，24小時後進行12次保留測驗。實驗工作為自我配速線性移動動作，依變項為穩定性、準確性及錯誤估計能力。經獨立樣本單因子變異數分析與杜凱氏法發現：（一）自我控制組及非自我控制相對頻率對照組，獲得期的變異誤差值顯著低於控制組(p<.05, ES=0.68)；自我控制組及非自我控制相對頻率對照組，保留測驗的變異誤差值顯著低於控制組(p<.05, ES=0.48)，（二）自我控制組及非自我控制相對頻率對照組，獲得期的絕對誤差值顯著低於控制組(p<.05, ES=0.71)；自我控制組保留測驗的絕對誤差值顯著低於非自我控制相對頻率對照組及控制組(p<.05, ES=0.70)，（三）自我控制組及非自我控制相對頻率對照組，獲得期的錯誤估計值顯著低於控制組(p<.05, ES=0.71)；自我控制組在保留測驗的錯誤估計值顯著低於非自我控制相對頻率對照組及控制組(p<.05, ES=0.85)。因此，本研究的結論為自我控制回饋是學習變項，而非表現變項，且自我控制回饋利於提升錯誤估計能力。

This study examined the effects of self-determined and-controlled feedback information on spatial motor performance, and learning and error detection capability. Thirty adults (16 males and 14 females) served as participants (mean age=22.5�2.1 years.). All participants were randomly assigned to (1) the self-controlled feedback group, (2) the yoked group, or (3) the control group. In the acquisition phase participants practiced 80 trails. After 24 hours participants were given 12 trials of the retention test. Self-paced movenment in the linear positioning was served as a task. Dependent variables were accuracy, stability and error detection capability. The one-way ANOVA and the Tukey method indicated first that the self-controlled group and the yoked group had significantly less variable error than that of the control group in acquisition phases (p<.05, ES=0.68). The self-controlled group and the yoked group had significantly less variable error than that of those controlled in the retention test (p<.05, ES=0.48). Second, the self-controlled group and the yoked group had significantly less absolute error than that of the control group in the acquisition phase (p<.05, ES=0.71). The self-controlled group had less absolute error than that of the yoked group and the control group in the retention test (p<.05, ES=0.70). Third, the self-controlled group and the yoked group had significantly less error detection's error than that of the control group in the acquisition phase (p<.05, ES=0.71). The self-controlled group had less error detection's error than that of the yoked group and the control group in the retention test (p<.05, ES=0.85). It was concluded that the self-controlled feedback is not the performance variable but the learning variable, and the self-controlled feedback benefits error detection capability.