音樂有氧舞蹈對高齡者幸福感、正向情緒與參與動機之影響

Abstract

前言：本研究目的於在探討音樂有氧舞蹈課程的介入對高齡者的幸福感、正向情緒及參與動機之影響，進而了解能否提升高齡者運動參與動機達到持續性運動的目的，以利於未來辦理運動課程的方向及推廣。方法：研究招募90名高齡參與者，分派至音樂有氧舞蹈組：(31位，平均年齡77.13 ± 9.65)，肌耐力運動組：(28位，平均年齡77.46 ± 7.21) 及日常生活活動組：(27位，平均年齡77.96 ± 7.02)。使用幸福感量表、正向情緒量表及參與動機量表來對高齡者進行前後測評估，[音樂有氧舞蹈組與肌耐力運動組在開始為期6周的高齡運動課程前先進行前測，在6周課程結束後兩組則進行後測]。統計方式以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析。結果：音樂有氧舞蹈組的幸福感(M = .15 SD = .18)與正向情緒(M = .15 SD = .12)高於日常生活活動組幸福感( M = -0.05 SD = .17)與正向情緒( M = -0.05 SD = .14)達顯著差異。參與動機方面音樂有氧舞蹈(M = .35 SD = .15)大於肌耐力運動組(M =.15 SD = .16) 與日常生活活動組( M = .16 SD = .49)達顯著差異。結論：音樂有氧舞蹈可以顯著提升高齡者的幸福感、正向情緒與運動的參與動機，建議相關單位在推廣社區高齡者運動時增加音樂有氧舞蹈的課程，進一步提升高齡者參與社區運動的動機來達到社區健康老化的目的。Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of an intervention in music aerobic dance classes on the Well-being, positive emotions, and participation motivation of the elderly, and to understand whether it can enhance the motivation of the elderly to participate in exercise to achieve the goal of sustained exercise, in order to facilitate the direction and promotion of future exercise programs. Methods: Ninety elderly participants were recruited for the study and assigned to the music aerobic dance group (31 participants, mean age 77.13 ± 9.65), muscle endurance exercise group (28 participants, mean age 77.46 ± 7.21), and activities of daily living group (27 participants, mean age 77.96 ± 7.02). The elderly were assessed using measures of Well-being scale, positive emotions scale, and participation motivation scale before and after the intervention. [The music aerobic dance group and the muscular endurance exercise group underwent a pre-test before starting the 6-week senior exercise program. Following the conclusion of the 6-week program, both groups underwent a post-test.] Statistical analyses including Descriptive Statistics analysis, one-way ANOVA . Results: The Well-being (M = .15, SD = .18) and positive emotions (M = .15, SD = .12) of the music aerobic dance group were significantly higher than those of the daily life activity group in terms of Well-being(M = -0.05, SD = .17) and positive emotions (M = -0.05, SD = .14). In terms of participation motivation, the music aerobic dance group (M = .35, SD = .15) was significantly higher than that of the muscle endurance exercise group (M = .15, SD = .16) and the daily life activity group (M = .16, SD = .49). Conclusion: Music aerobic dance significantly enhances the Well-being, positive emotions, and participation motivation of older adults. It is recommended that relevant organizations promote the inclusion of music aerobic dance classes when advocating community exercise for older adults, further enhancing their motivation to participate in community exercise and achieving the goal of healthy aging in the community.