視覺障礙工作者家庭支持與工作適應之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討視覺障礙工作者家庭支持與工作適應之現況，並進一步分析不同個人背景變項對家庭支持與工作適應之差異。此外，並探討視覺障礙工作者家庭支持和工作適應之相關，以及視覺障礙者背景變項、家庭支持對其工作適應的預測。 本研究採用調查研究法，使用「家庭支持量表」及「華人工作適應量表」，以四點量表的形式針對年齡介於15-65歲，工作滿三個月且無合併其他障礙的視覺障礙個案進行問卷調查。問卷以電話訪問、面訪及郵寄方式進行；有效問卷共計60份（回收率62％）。所得資料以描述性統計、變異數分析、相關及迴歸分析獲得以下結果： 一、 視覺障礙工作者感受家人給予家庭支持的程度高。 二、 視覺障礙工作者感受家人給予家庭支持的程度高。 三、 視覺障礙工作者的工作適應結果呈現適應良好。 四、 視覺障礙工作者因「學歷」、「是否與家人同住」、「職業類型」、「家人是否提供交通協助」的不同，其家庭支持有所差異。 五、 視覺障礙工作者因「職業類型」的不同，其工作適應有所差異。 六、 視覺障礙工作者家庭支持與工作適應呈現正相關 七、 視覺障礙工作者背景變項中「學歷」對工作適應有預測力。 八、 視覺障礙工作者家庭支持中「實質性支持」對工作適應之「工作能力」、「工作滿意」有預測力；「訊息性支持」對整體工作適應有預測力。 根據上述結論，本研究分別對視覺障礙工作者、視覺障礙重建相關人員、視覺障礙雇主，以及未來研究者提出相關建議。 關鍵詞：視覺障礙、工作適應、家庭支持The purpose of this study is to explore the current situation of family support and work adjustment in workers with visual impairments, as well as how various personal background factors influence these two aspects. Moreover, whether personal background factors and family support can be utilized as predictors of work adjustment is also investigated. Family Support Scale and Chinese Work Adjustment Inventory were used in collecting data from individuals with only visual impairments who have worked in the same position for more than 3 months and are between the age of 15 to 65 years old. The data are collected through phone interviews, face-to-face interviews, and mailing surveys. 60 sets of valid surveys were returned (return rate of 62%). Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, correlation and regression analyses are performed in data analysis. Conclusions: In general, workers with visual impairment reported to experience a higher level of family support and work adjustment. The results indicated that family support is influenced by education, living with family, type of work, and transportation provided by family members; and work adjustment is mainly influenced by the type of work. Research data also demonstrated positive correlation between family support and work adjustment. Further analyses explored that workers’ educational background can predict their future work adjustment. In addition, actual support from family members can predict work competence and worker satisfaction within work adjustment; and information support from family members can be utilized as predictors to overall work adjustment. Implications for workers with visual impairment, rehabilitation service providers, employers, and future researchers are also provided based on the study results

Keywords: visual impairment, work adjustment, family support