花蓮縣高中生運動行為、健康體適能與幸福感之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討花蓮縣高中生運動行為、健康體適與幸福感的關係，進而探討影響高中生幸福感的重要因素。選取112學年度花蓮縣公私立高中職學校之日間部學生為研究對象，從母群體中進行配額抽樣，共收集有效問卷803份。研究參與者填寫自編「花蓮縣高中生運動行為、健康體適能與幸福感之問卷」，收集高中生個人資料、運動行為、健康體適能（身體組成、瞬發力、肌力及肌耐力、柔軟度、心肺耐力等）及幸福感，研究資料以SPSS22.0統計軟體進行分析，分析方法包括描述性統計、信度分析、因素分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析及逐步多元迴歸分析，獲得以下研究結果：一、花蓮縣高中生運動行為部分，運動次數較少，運動強度、運動時間呈現中上水準；健康體適能部份，BMI呈現正常狀態，一分鐘仰臥起坐、坐姿體前屈、立定跳遠和1600/800跑走皆呈現中等偏上水準；幸福感部份以「自我信心」之平均數為最高，「主觀幸福感」為最低。二、不同性別、年級、是否參與社團、是否為體育性社團在運動行為有顯著差異存在；不同性別、是否為體育性社團在健康體適能上有顯著差異存在；不同性別、年級、是否為體育性社團在幸福感上有顯著差異存在。三、運動行為會正向影響健康體適能；運動行為會正向影響幸福感；健康體適能會正向影響幸福感。研究結果顯示，不同背景變項的高中生對於運動行為、健康體適能與幸福感的的認知存在顯著差異，而運動行為是影響健康體適能的因素，運動行為、健康體適能是影響幸福感的重要因素。This study aims to explore the relationship between exercise behaviors, health-related fitness, and subjective well-being among vocational high school students in Hualien County, further investigating the significant factors affecting their well-being. A quota sampling method was employed to select daytime students from public and private vocational high schools in Hualien County during the 112th academic year, resulting in a total of 803 valid questionnaires. Participants were asked to complete the"Hualien County Vocational High School Students' Exercise Behaviors, Health-related Fitness, and Well-being Questionnaire," which gathered data on personal information, exercise behaviors, health-related fitness (including body composition, explosive power, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, etc.), and well-being. The study utilized SPSS 22.0 for data analysis, employing descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, factor analysis, independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression analysis to obtain the following results:In terms of exercise behaviors among vocational high school students in Hualien County, the frequency of exercise was relatively low, while the intensity and duration of exercise were above average. Regarding health-related fitness, BMI levels were within the normal range, and performance in the one-minute sit-up test, sit-and-reach test, standing long jump, and 1600/800-meter run/walk were all above average. As for well-being,"self-confidence" had the highest mean score, while "subjective well-being" scored the lowest. Significant differences in exercise behaviors were found across different genders, grades, club participation, and participation in sports clubs. Significant differences in health-related fitness were observed across different genders and sports club participation. There were also significant differences in well-being across different genders, grades, and sports club participation. Exercise behaviors positively influenced health-related fitness and well-being; health-related fitness also had a positive effect on well-being.The findings indicate that there are significant differences in the perceptions of exercise behaviors, health-related fitness, and well-being among vocational high school students from different backgrounds. Exercise behavior is a key factor influencing health-related fitness, and both exercise behavior and health-related fitness are important factors affecting well-being.