運動技術重建經驗的發生現象學探討

Abstract

本文一方面透過運動訓練實踐的架搭，釐清四種奠基在梅洛龐蒂哲學的完形觀－靜態完形觀、動態完形觀、風格完形觀及可逆完形觀；另方面從技術風格養成的觀點，將運動技術訓練分為培養風格的「啟蒙訓練」，為風格作外部調整的「中繼訓練」，以及幫助選手進行風格改造的「技術重建訓練」；最後，針對「技術重建訓練」過程，從選手如何遭遇完形失調、觸覺為主的選手和視覺為主教練之間的辯證，以及選手和教練呼應肉身召喚，向可逆完形回歸三個面向，進行技術重建經驗的發生現象學描述。

In this research, a genetic phenomenological approach is used to portray the in-depth lived experiences derived from athletes' reconstruction of embodies ”skill-Gestalt.” It starts by interrogating Maurice Merleau-Ponty's Gestalt philosophy and elaborates four types of Gestalt which are static Gestalt, dynamic Gestalt, style Gestalt and reversibility Gestalt. Then through an examination of ”skill-Gestalt” cultivation this article recapitulates three types of skill training, namely, skill initiation training, skill exterior training, and skill reconstruction training. It is on skill reconstruction training which athletes are asked to discard and rebuild skill Gestalt, this study offers a genetic phenomenology description by elaborating the phenomena of ”Gestalt disorder” in skill reconstruction process, ”Gestalts encountering” of tactility-oriented athletes meet visuality-oriented coaches, and ”Gestalt of Gestalt” by echoing the ”call” of fleshly Gestalt with each other.