以史證經：楊樹達《論語疏證》析論

Abstract

民國以來，楊樹達一反經學著作的注疏傳統，另闢蹊徑撰成《論語疏證》。這本書的主旨雖然在「疏通孔子學說」，也採用「以經證經」或取群經諸子及四史為證，但是其特點在於將三國以前所有徵引《論語》，或和《論語》有關的資料，依時代先後，摘錄在《論語》經文之後，再加上自己的「按語」一抒己見。 陳寅恪稱之：「此司馬君實、李仁甫《長編》《考異》之法，乃自詁釋《論語》所未有，誠可為治經者闢一新途徑，樹一新模楷也。」本文即以《論語疏證》為文本，從一、緒論。二、從《論語古義》到《論語疏證》。三、從「以經證經」到「以史證經」。四、從「折衷朱注」到「乃下己意」。五、結論等五個側面，以〈以史證經：楊樹達：《論語疏證》析論〉為題加以闡發之。

Since the Republic of China, Yang Shuda the Commentaries traditional anti-Confucian writings, while another way Zhuancheng "The Analects of Confucius Shu Zheng. Although the main thrust of this book in the "clear doctrine of Confucius, also used by a certificate by" or take the group to various schools and the Four as evidence, but its characteristics is that the three countries all previous Quotations "The Analects of Confucius", or "The Analects of Confucius" information, in accordance with the times has, extract after the "Analects" scripture, coupled with on their own note "express their views. Yinke termed: "the this Sima Jun real, Liren Fu" feature length "Textual" France is not since Gu interpretation of the Analects ", honest governance by the provision of a new way to the tree a new mold Kai. "This article" The Analects of Confucius phenomenon as a text, from the introduction. Second, from the Analects of Confucius the ancient meaning of "to" The Analects of Confucius sparse certificate ". Historical Testimony by "three" by the permit by the "to". To compromise Zhu Note "is under their own pleasure." Five dimensions of the five conclusions,