婚姻暴力防治工作者對經濟暴力的觀點與處遇模式

Abstract

經濟暴力發生在受暴婦女的日常生活中，先生使用經濟控制、經濟剝削和工作干擾三種手段阻礙婦女取得或消耗其經濟資源，迫使多數受暴婦女過著經濟困頓生活，需要經濟資源之協助。但目前臺灣學術研究少有討論經濟暴力議題，工作者對經濟暴力之觀點與處遇經驗值得深入探討，期待本研究增加實務界對經濟暴力與其處遇之重視。

本研究以婚姻暴力防治實務工作者為研究對象，以深度訪談法訪談12位工作者。研究發現經濟暴力建立於父權體制之上，且婦女之家族系統與父權體制一同將婦女困在暴力環境中。經濟暴力處遇模式分為抽象與實務操作層次。抽象層次是工作者影響婦女的價值觀，引導婦女覺察經濟暴力和找到個人優勢。實務操作層次是工作者具體協助婦女經濟穩定的策略，分別為以人身安全為首要目標處遇模式和經濟賦權處遇模式，前者是工作者評估婦女經濟生活需求，提供經濟、居住、就業和法律方面的協助；後者強調個人賦權，工作者增加婦女的理財能力以穩定經濟生活。

根據研究結果提出以下建議：工作者學習理財知識、制定經濟暴力處遇教育訓練、落實性別平等教育、普及與彈性化公共托育資源。

Economic violence occurs in daily life of battered women. Husbands use three means – economic control, economic exploitation, and work interference to hinder women from obtaining or consuming economic resources and force most of the battered women to live a life of economic hardship and need the assistance of economic resources. However, at present, there are only a few academic studies in Taiwan investigating the issue of economic violence. Workers’ perspective towards economic violence and intervention experiences are worthy of in-depth investigation. It is hoped that this study can raise wider attention to economic violence and its intervention. This study enrolled social workers engaging in marital violence prevention as the research subjects, and used in-depth interviews to interview 12 workers. This study found that economic violence is established based upon patriarchy, and women’s family system and patriarchy jointly trap women in a violent environment. The intervention model of economic violence is divided into abstract and practical operation levels. Abstract level refers to workers’ influence on women’s value and guidance to help women to perceive economic violence and discover personal strengths. Practical operation level refers to workers’ specific strategies helping women obtain stable economic status, including the invention model aiming to maintain safety of women and that of economic empowerment. The former is workers’ assessment on women’s economic and living needs and provision of assistance in the aspects of housing, employment, and laws. The latter emphasizes personal empowerment, as well as workers’ enhancement of women’s financial capability to stabilize economic life. According to the research results, this study proposed the following suggestion: workers are advised to learn financial knowledge, develop educational training for intervention of economic violence, put gender equality education into practice, and make public daycare resources popular and flexible.