幼兒玩具知覺偏好之探討

Abstract

中文摘要

本研究旨在瞭解受試幼兒玩具知覺偏好的狀況，並分別探討幼兒年齡、幼兒性別、家庭社經地位、父母性別角色教養態度四者與受試幼兒玩具知覺偏好之關係。以台北市公立幼稚園四至六足歲幼兒為對象，透過「幼兒玩具知覺偏好作業」進行一對一訪談，輔以書面記錄及錄音方式收集受試幼兒玩具知覺偏好資料；並使用「父母性別角色教養態度問卷」收集各受試幼兒的父母性別角色教養態度資料。研究之主要發現如下：

一、經由視知覺，全體受試幼兒對於不同的感覺動作玩具（球）、象 徵玩具（天線寶寶）、建構玩具（積木）與益智玩具（巧板）， 多喜好材質或特質相較之下屬於軟質的玩具，例如塑膠空心球、充氣天線寶寶、泡棉積木與泡棉巧板。且在色系的視知覺上，受試幼兒多偏好暖色系的玩具。而在經視觸知覺統合後，受試幼兒的玩具偏好與視知覺階段的測試結果並無太大差異。

二、幼兒性別、家庭社經地位、父母性別角色教養態度與受試幼兒的玩具知覺偏好均有關聯性。男生較偏好硬質玩具，而女生多喜愛軟質玩具；男生喜歡冷色系玩具，女生則偏愛暖色系玩具。家庭社經地位高的幼兒較偏愛橡膠球，中、低家庭社經地位的幼兒則喜歡塑膠球；中家庭社經地位的幼兒喜愛冷色系積木，而低社經幼兒喜歡暖色系積木。父母性別角色教養態度不刻板的幼兒較喜好橡膠球，父母性別角色教養態度稍刻板的幼兒則較偏好塑膠球。

關鍵詞：幼兒、玩具、玩具知覺偏好Abstract

The purposes of this study were to realize the perceptual preference of toy for young children, to explore the relations among young children’s perceptual preference of toy and young children’s ages, sex, socioeconomic statuses, and parental gender-role rearing attitudes. 128 preschool children from three public kindergartens in Taipei participated in this study. By using one-to-one interviews and the questionnaire of parental gender-role rearing attitudes, the results were as follows: (1) Toward different toys, through the visual perception, mostly young children prefer soft toys, such as hollowly plastic balls, inflatable teletubbies, foamed blocks, and foamed tangrams. About the colors of toys, mostly young children prefer warm-colored toys much more than the cold-colored toys. There are no significant differences between visual test and visual-tactile integrated test of young children’s perceptual preference of toys. (2) Young children’s perceptual preference of toys has some relations with young children’s sex, socioeconomic statuses, and parental attitudes of gender roles. For the characteristics of the toys’ texture, boys prefer harder toys; girls prefer softer toys. For the attributes of the toys’ colors, boys prefer cold-colored toys; girls prefer warm-colored toys. Young children of high socioeconomic statuses prefer solid rubber balls, while the low socioeconomic statuses’ young children prefer hollowly plastic balls. Young children of middle socioeconomic statuses prefer cold-colored blocks, and young children of low socioeconomic statuses prefer warm-colored blocks. Young children whose parental gender-role rearing attitudes showed no stereotyped prefer solid rubber balls, but young children whose parental gender-role rearing attitudes showed slightly stereotyped prefer hollowly plastic balls.

Key words: young children, toys, the perceptual preference of toy