花蓮縣衛生所福氣站老年人功能性體適能與平衡能力之研究

Abstract

目的：探討花蓮縣衛生所福氣站的老年人平衡能力及功能性體適能力對平衡能表現之影響。方法：藉由花蓮縣衛生所福氣站68位老年人並利用一組測力板裝置，讓受試者站立於力板上，分別操作雙腳及單腳等六個動作，並做各項功能性體適能測試，利用皮爾森積差比較各項功能性體適能間相關性，並以迴歸分析預測功能性體適能是否為各種平衡姿勢的預測因子。結果：各項功能性體適能相互間分析結果顯示在坐椅體前彎與三十秒座椅起立、起立八英呎走、功能性前伸呈正相關。三十秒座椅起立與右腳下肢肌力、起立八英呎走呈正相關。右腳下肢肌力與起立八英呎走呈正相關。落棒右手測驗與功能性前伸呈正相關。起立八英呎走與功能性前伸呈正相關。另外各種不同站立姿勢中，閉眼雙腳平行站立與三十秒座椅起立、起立八英呎走、功能性前伸呈正相關。睜眼雙腳平行站立與左手落棒、起立八英呎走呈正相關。閉眼雙腳前後站立與左右腳下肢肌力、起立八英呎走成正相關。睜眼雙腳前後站立與三十秒座椅起立、右腳下肢肌力呈正相關。睜眼單腳站立與右手落棒、功能性前伸呈正相關。 在迴歸預測方面，三十秒座椅起立為閉眼雙腳、睜眼雙腳站立預測因子。功能性前伸為睜眼雙腳及睜眼單腳預測因子。左右腳下肢肌力為睜眼期前後站立的預測因子。另右腳下肢肌力為閉眼雙腳前後站立預測因子。結論：老年人平衡能力衰退雖然有眾多因素，除生理自然老化外，仍然與身體適能有關。研究結果看來老年人功能性體適能相互間及不同站立姿勢平衡面積有一定相關存在，且功能性體適能許多項目也能成為不同站立姿勢平衡面積的預測因子，故研究指出增加老年人活動及強化下肢訓練有助於平衡能力的提升。Purpose: The thesis will be going to explore the balanced abilities of the elderly of health center’s blessing stations in Hualien and the influences of their functional fitness on balance ability performance. Method: A set of force plate here was used to let the testers- sixty-eight old men stood on the plate and operated six movements with both feet and single foot respectively. They also tested several functional fatnesses and compared the correlations amid them by taking advantage of Pearson’s product moment correlation. The regression analysis was used to predict whether or not the functional fitness is the predictive factor of balanced postures as well. Result: The inter-analytic results of every functional fitness reveal the positive correlation among “chair sit-and-reach test” ,“30-s sit-to-stand test”, “timed-up and go 8-feet test” and “functional reach test”. In addition, the positive correlations also include that of “30-s sit-to-stand test”, “right-foot lower-extremity muscular power” and “timed-up and go 8-feet test”; that of “right-foot lower-extremity muscular power” and “timed-up and go 8-feet test”; that of “right-hand drop-rod test” and “functional reach test”; that of “timed-up and go 8-feet test” and “functional reach test”, etc. What is more, in various kinds of posture of stance, the positive correlation is shown among “close-eye parallel feet position” , “30-s sit-to-stand test”, “timed-up and go 8-feet test” and “functional reach test”. So do as follows, including that of “eyes open parallel stand” , “left-hand drop-rod test” and “timed-up and go 8-feet test”; that of “eyes close tandem stand”, “feet lower-extremity muscular power” and “timed-up and go 8-feet test”; that of “eyes open tandem stand” ,“30-s sit-to-stand test” and “right-foot lower-extremity muscular power”; that of “eyes open single-foot stand” , “right-hand drop-rod test” and “functional reach test” and so forth. With regard to regression analysis, The“30-s sit-to-stand test” serves as the predictive factor for “eyes open feet stand” and “eyes close feet stand”. The “functional reach test” works as the predictive factor for “eyes open feet stand” and “eyes open single-foot stand”. As to “feet lower-extremity muscular power”, it is designed to be the predictive factor for “eyes open tandem stand”. Moreover, the predictive factor of “eyes close tandem stand” is “right-foot lower-extremity muscular power”. Conclusion: The decline in balanced abilities of the aged was due to various factors. In addition to their natural physiology ageing, it has something to do with physical fitness. The research findings revealed that the functional fitness of the elderly, to some degree, concerns with their different balanced square measure of standing postures. Also many items of functional fitness could become the predictive factor of different square measure of standing postures. In doing so, the research pointed out increase in the elderly act and lower limb strength was helpful to foster their balanced abilities.