泰北圖書館事業研究

Abstract

本研究之目的在於從多元面向了解泰北圖書館事業，包括泰北圖書館的發展歷史、泰北圖書館的發展現況，以及泰國政府圖書館政策與泰北圖書館事業之發展，一則希望能引起台灣對泰北圖書館事業的興趣，從事比較圖書館學的研究，二則希望能提供給未來前往泰北從事圖書館服務的青年志工參考。因此提出三個研究問題：（一）泰北圖書館事業有哪些發展歷史？（二）泰北圖書館事業發展的發展現況為何？（三）泰國政府的圖書館政策與泰北圖書館事業有什麼發展？ 本研究採質化研究方法，對泰北圖書館的發展歷史以歷史文獻分析法分析，對泰北圖書館事業的發展現況及泰國政府的圖書館政策與泰北圖書館事業之發展，以歷史文獻法、實地觀察法，及焦點小組訪談法收集及分析資料，構成三角檢驗法的三種資料來源，檢驗資料的一致性與相關性，來撰寫研究結果。 本研究結果為：（一）泰北圖書館事業的發展歷史，由泰國圖書館事業的歷史軌跡來探索過去泰北圖書館事業的發展源流，可得知道泰國的圖書館事業始於泰北，並且泰國圖書館事業發展可明顯劃分為初始化時期、現代化時期，及政策化時期三個時期；（二）從泰北圖書館事業的發展現況發現，泰北各類型圖書館不若泰中豐富，同時，全國13所圖書資訊學教育高等院校中，泰北地區僅2所，另外，泰國圖書館學會被視為泰國政府的圖書資訊代表單位；（三）在泰國政府的圖書館政策與泰北圖書館事業有什麼樣的發展中，泰國政府的教育政策與圖書館標準有效促進泰北圖書館事業，然而泰國目前尚無正式的圖書館法，仍使得泰北地區的圖書館事業發展無法與其它各區並駕齊驅。因此，本研究建議泰國宜速訂圖書館法，使圖書館事業之發展有其法源依據。The purpose of this study is to understand the librarianship in Northern Thailand from diverse aspects, including library development history in Northern Thailand, current status of librarianship n Northern Thailand, and library policy and librarianship development in Northern Thailand. This understanding would enhance the interests of future volunteers who would devote to library service in Northern Thailand. This study aims to answer the following three research questions. Firstly, what is the library development history in Northern Thailand? Secondly, what is the current status of librarianship in Northern Thailand? Thirdly, what is the library policy in Northern Thailand? This study takes qualitative research approach, including historical document analysis, filed observation, and focus group interview. Historical document analysis is applied to discover the development history of librarianship in Northern Thailand. Additionally, history document analysis, field observation, and focus group interview are adopted to collect and analyse materials to answer the current library status in Northern Thailand and to describe the situation of Thai government’s library policy and the development librarianship in Northern Thailand. These three research methods are used as three different sources for triangulation purpose to verify consistency and relevance within data to improve the quality of the study. The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, the development history in Northern Thailand could be tracked from Thailand’s library history, which reveals that the beginning of Thailand’s library history is from Northern Thailand. Except that, Thailand’s library history could be split into three developing periods: initial period, modern period, and policy period. Secondly, fewer types of libraries are found in Northern Thailand than in Central Thailand. Meanwhile, there are two universities in Northern Thailand both providing LIS bachelor and master degrees. And Thai Library Association (TLA) is considered as the official library representative of Thai government. Thirdly, Thai government’s educational policy effectively helped the librarianship in Northern Thailand. At present, however, there is no official library law in Thailand; this would make the librarianship in Northern Thailand to be in a disadvantage situation. Therefore, this study recommends that a library law for Thailand is suggested.